1. Chapter 18 - Language and regional variation1  Standard language  Accent  Dialect – differences in grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation

2.  Study of dialects  Regional dialects  Isoglosses and dialect boundaries  Dialect continuum  Dialect map of American English - http://www.geocities.com/yvain.geo/dialects.html http://www.geocities.com/yvain.geo/dialects.html  English Dialect links - http://www.evolpub.com/Americandialects/EngDialLn x.html http://www.evolpub.com/Americandialects/EngDialLn x.html Chapter 18 - Language and regional variation2

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4. 4  English speaking countries - http://the_english_dept.tripod.com/esc.html http://the_english_dept.tripod.com/esc.html  English language statistics - http://www.englishlanguageguide.com/english /facts/stats/ http://www.englishlanguageguide.com/english /facts/stats/  World English - http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/rthompso/world englishresources.html http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/rthompso/world englishresources.html

5. Chapter 18 - Language and regional variation5

6. AfricaAmericasAsiaAustraliaEurope Kenya South Africa Brazil Canada Central America Jamaica United States China Hong Kong India Indonesia Israel Korea Japan Malaysia Mongolia Nepal Pakistan Singapore Taiwan Vietnam Mainland Australia New Zealand Papua New Guinea Austria Bosnia- Herzegovena European Union Germany Hungary Iceland Macedonia Scandinavia Slovakia Slovenia Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom Chapter 18 - Language and regional variation6

7.  Use of two (or more) distinct and different languages  Individual bilingualism  Group / national bilingualism Chapter 18 - Language and regional variation7

8.  Language planning  Pidgins and creoles  Post-creole continuum Chapter 18 - Language and regional variation8