1. ORL-HNS Training and Physicians in Finland
Prof. Antti Mäkitie and Doc. Heikki Irjala
(and Prof. Heikki Löppönen)
UEMS ORL Section Amsterdam 2015

3. Physicians in the Nordic Countries
Working group within the Medical Associations in the Nordic Countries

4. Physicians in the Nordic Countries
Working group within the Medical Associations in the Nordic Countries

5. Physicians in the Nordic Countries

6. Physicians in the Nordic Countries
Working group within the Medical Associations in the Nordic Countries

7. Physicians in the Nordic Countries
Working group within the Medical Associations in the Nordic Countries

8. Physicians in the Nordic Countries
Working group within the Medical Associations in the Nordic Countries

9. Active ENT Specialists 2014 (Active and/or under age of retirement, and living/working in the country)
Denmark 342 (2012)
Finland 337
Iceland 22
Norway 323
Sweden 614 (Only members of the Swedish Medical Association)

10. Number of ENT specialists in Finland
325 (year 2014) (Estimated 2030: 325)
Male 201 – Female 124
65% work in hospitals, 25% private, 10% university and administration
2.7% of all positions at hospitals unfilled (2013)
83% had private sector occupation
25% - main occupation
58% - secondary occupation
Nykyisillä koulutusmäärillä (ja 750 opiskelijan sisäänotolla) erikoislääkärimäärä Suomessa ylipäätään lisääntyy v mennessä 1000 lääkärillä (+8 %)

11. Immigration (2015) 17 specialists have moved abroad
2-5 specialists have foreign background

12. Directive 2005/36/EC Applicability
Doctors who have completed their medical qualification in an EU/EEA member state and who are EU/EEA citizens are licensed in accordance with the European directive 2005/36/EC.
All doctors working in Finland must be able to speak either Finnish or Swedish. Finland is officially a bilingual country and some 5% of the population speaks Swedish as their first language.

13. General aspects of specialist training in Finland
Administered until 1960 by the Finnish Medical Association
National Board of Health (under the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health) administered 1960 – 1985
Since 1986 as postgraduate training by the medical faculties (Univ.)
Governed by the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health 2015-
National coordination rather minimal
University degree since (this is rather exceptional internationally)
Olematon kansallinen koordinaatio.
Eri erikoisalojen koulutustarpeen valtakunnallisesta suunnittelusta ei vastaa mikään taho.
Erikoislääkärikoulutuksen valtakunnallinen neuvottelutilaisuus on hyödyllinen koordinaatioelin, mutta sillä ei ole virallista asemaa.
Ministry of Social Affairs and Health has money that is given to hospitals and health centres as compensation for expenses caused by medical education and research.

14. Facts about ENT training
Duration: 5 years (30 months at Univ. Hosp.)
Theoretical education: 60 hours, hours of which training in administration and leadership
Educational courses: 7 x 2 days available
“Exit Exam”: yes, a written anonymous national examination usually during the last year of training
Duration: Croatia 5y Denmark 6y Estonia 3y Finland 6y Greece 5y Hungary 5y Ireland 6y Italy 5y Netherlands 5y Norway 5y Sweden 5y
Theoretical: Croatia 472 lectures/358 seminars, 100 practicals Denmark 4-8 hours / week Estonia 2-3 hours / week Finland 60 hours – 3 study weeks
Greece natl. e-learning/ month, variable Hungary 8 weeks Ireland not split from practical Italy 1600 hours of theoretical education Netherlands 4 hours / week
Norway 2 hours teaching/4 hours self-study/week Sweden 2 hours / week

15. Textbooks / Journals
Cummings G.W. (Ed.): Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Vol 1-4 (Elsevier Mosby)
Gleeson M (Ed.): Scott-Brown's Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery vol. 1-3 (Hodder Arnold)
2. Jauhiainen T. ym.: Audiologia (Duodecim)
Clinical Otolaryngology
JAMA Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery
Laryngoscope
Eur Arch ORL Head & Neck
Acta Otolaryngologica
Duodecim
Journal of the Finnish Medical Association