1. Language and Intelligence

2. Structure of language Phonemes - basic sounds
Morphemes - units of meaning
Grammar - rules of a language
Semantics - meaning
Syntax - order

3. Language in the brain
Left hemisphere
Broca’s area
Wernicke’s area

4. Language development
Language is learned at an exponential rate during the first 5 years
4 mos. - babbling
12 mos. - one-word stage
18 mos. - language explosion begins
24 mos. - two-word stage; 300 word vocabulary
36 mos. - phrases, complex sentences; 1000 word vocabulary

5. Nature vs. Nurture
Skinner - language is acquired through learning principles
Imitation, association, reinforcement
Chomsky - the brain is hard-wired to acquire language
Language acquisition device
Who is right?

6. Sign language
The same brain regions devoted to spoken language are devoted to sign language in non-hearing individuals

7. Animal language
Do animals communicate?
Do animals use language?

8. What is intelligence?

9. Intelligence Cultural construct Multiple intelligences
Gardner’s 8 intelligences
Sternberg’s triarchic theory
Emotional intelligence

10. Measuring intelligence
Intelligence testing
Binet
Terman
IQ tests are meant to measure aptitude, not achievement
IQ tests must have reliability and validity

11. Pitfalls of intelligence testing
Cultural bias
Measure achievement and aptitude
Classifications are both helpful and limiting