1. Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

2. Section 1
What is an Animal?

3. Characteristics of Animals
All are: multicellular & eat other organisms to obtain energy
Most: Reproduce sexually & can move from place to place
Term to know:
Species: group of organisms that can mate with each other & produce fertile offspring

4. - What Is an Animal?
Structure of Animals
The cells of most animals are organized into higher levels of structure, including tissues,
organs, and systems.

5. How they obtain food Terms to know
Heterotroph: can NOT make their own food; must obtain food by eating other organisms (ALL animals)
Food taken in through some cavity
Autotroph: organism that makes its own food (ex. Plants)

6. Reproduction
Sexual reproduction: new organism formed from joining of 2 sex cells
Characteristics of both parents (unique)
Fertilization: joining of egg & sperm cells
Asexual reproduction: single organism produces a new organism identical to itself
-Parent may divide or buds may grow off
Ex. Hydra

7. Movement For: obtaining food, reproducing, escaping danger
Some are sedentary (do not move), but may have moved at some point
Ex. Oysters, barnacles, sponges, coral

8. Animal Needs 1. Water 2. Food 3. Oxygen All obtained from environment
Term to know:
Adaptation: characteristic that helps organisms survive in its environment & reproduce

9. Adaptations for obtaining food
Herbivores: eat ONLY plants
Ex. Grasshoppers, termites, cows
Teeth are broad & flat for grinding
Carnivores: eat ONLY other animals
Predators-hunt & kill other animals (prey)
Teeth sharp, pointed for cutting/stabbing
May adapt through-speed, good hearing, or even camouflage
Omnivore: Eat both plants & animals
Ex. Humans & bears

10. Adaptations for escaping predators
“Playing dead”
Stingers
Claws
Bitter taste
Smelly sprays

11. Classification of Animals
This branching tree shows how the major animal groups are related.

12. Classification 35 phylum: major groupings Based on:
Body Structure-what they look like
Embryology-what they looked like early on
DNA-chemical in cells that controls organisms inherited traits
Backbone (Vertebrate) vs. No backbone (Invertebrate)

13. Click the Video button to watch a movie about the animal kingdom.
- What Is an Animal?
The Animal Kingdom
Click the Video button to watch a movie about the animal kingdom.

14. Click the Video button to watch a movie about invertebrates.
- What Is an Animal?
Invertebrates
Click the Video button to watch a movie about invertebrates.