1. 1 A case study : ERTMS implementation on corridor D NGI Stock Taking Workshop June 12th 2009 EPFL Lausanne Caroline MARIAUD – University Paris 1 Panthéon – Sorbonne.

2. Overview  Railway Institutions  Integration => liberalisation  ERTMS ecosystem and critical challenges  What is ERTMS?  3 levels combining two systems  Needs for technical coordination  Needs and challenges  In theory  In practice 2

3. Restructuration of the railways in Europe: Historically Liberalisation 3 Interoperability

4. ERTMS institutional challenges 4  National integrated and self regulated networks  New competitive environment with restructuration  Railway Undertakings ≠ Infrastructure Managers  Project manager (maître d’ouvrage) ≠ project constructor (maître d’oeuvre)  Highly indebted  Atomicity:  Horizontal  Vertical

5. What is ERTMS? 5 ETCS GSM-R ERTMS www.ertms.com

6. Technical needs for coordination 6 HORIZONTAL COORDINATION VERTICAL COORDINATION Rapid technical evolution Safety matters a lot Operational rules Very expensive ETCS & GSM-R

7. Needs for coordination and their challenges 7

8. EEIG corridor D 8 L.o.I. www.corridord.eu

9. Inter-States Coordination in reality 9  Implementation driven by the existing national system  Work independently, at best 2 by 2  Issues at stake:  Lack of experts (e.g. RFF & SNCF) speaking at least English  No common work on a regular basis (not used to it)  No feedback to ERA (WG pb.)  Competition between corridors on the specification, funds (get more traffic)  ERTMS is a tool to build this corridors!