2. Chapter 10
Alcohol
Lesson 10.1 How Does Alcohol Impact Your Body? Lesson 10.2 The Effects of Alcohol on Health Lesson 10.3 Reasons People Use and Abuse Alcohol Lesson 10.4 Strategies for Preventing and Treating Alcohol Abuse

3. How Does Alcohol Impact Your Body?
Lesson 10.1
How Does Alcohol Impact Your Body?

4. Warm-Up Alcohol Use How have you seen people use alcohol products?
How do you think using alcohol products affects a person’s physical health?
Give one example of a disease or disorder related to alcohol use.
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5. What Is Alcohol?
Alcohol is a general term used to describe a drink that contains a certain amount of ethanol
Alcohol has a powerful effect on all parts of the body
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6. Effects of Alcohol on the Brain
Alcohol is a depressant, a type of drug that slows down the central nervous system
Alcohol can cause
Slurred speech
Sluggish body movements
Inability to think clearly
Blackouts (memory loss)
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7. Critical Thinking Alcohol and Intoxication
Suppose a person has the choice to drink either 12 ounces of beer or 12 ounces of wine.
Why might the person
become less intoxicated
drinking the beer than
drinking the wine?

8. Blood Alcohol Concentration
A person’s blood alcohol concentration (BAC) describes the percentage of alcohol that is in a person’s blood
People who have a BAC of 0.08 or above are considered legally impaired (intoxicated or drunk)
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9. Factors Influencing BAC
BAC is influenced by
The amount of alcohol consumed
The rate of consumption
Body weight
Gender
Food consumed
Ethnicity
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10. Myth or Fact?
Eating food while drinking has no effect on blood alcohol concentration.
MYTH
Fact: When a person consumes alcohol while eating food, the effects of alcohol are felt more slowly.
Fact: The type of food that is consumed can also impact the length of digestion time and the speed of alcohol absorption.

11. The Physiology of a Hangover
The effects of drinking alcohol may last after the alcohol has left the body
The negative symptoms caused by excessive alcohol use are called a hangover
Tiredness and dizziness
Headaches and muscle aches
Nausea and vomiting
Thirst
Depression or anxiety
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12. The Effects of Alcohol on Health
Lesson 10.2
The Effects of Alcohol on Health

13. Alcohol Use, Accidents, and Violence
Alcohol causes
A decrease in reaction time
Difficulty coordinating movements
A decreased ability to plan and use good judgment
These impairments lead to accidents and unsafe behavior
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14. Motor Vehicle Accidents
Driving after or while drinking alcohol leads to many accidents and deaths in the United States
There are also legal consequences for driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs
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15. Other Accidents Alcohol use is associated with Falls and burns
Homicides
Suicides
Firearm injuries
Electrical shocks
Near drowning
Violent actions
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16. Binge Drinking and Alcohol Poisoning
Binge drinking is the consumption of large amounts of alcohol in a short period of time
Alcohol poisoning occurs when a high BAC suppresses the central nervous system
Extreme cases can lead to permanent brain damage or death
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17. Excessive alcohol use can have dangerous consequences
Excessive alcohol use can have dangerous consequences. What are some signs of alcohol poisoning?
Mental confusion, stupor, coma, or unconsciousness
Vomiting
Seizures
Slow or irregular breathing
Hypothermia, bluish skin color, and paleness

18. Health Consequences
Excessive alcohol use over time can lead to several chronic diseases
Liver damage
Heart attacks
High blood pressure
Gastrointestinal problems
Some types of cancer
Neurological problems
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19. Alcohol and Pregnancy
When a pregnant woman drinks, the alcohol passes to her baby
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a group of serious birth defects caused by a woman’s consumption of alcohol while pregnant
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20. Underage Drinking
It is illegal in all states for people younger than 21 years of age to drink
Underage drinkers account for 11% of all alcohol consumed in the United States
Alcohol is the most commonly used and abused drug among youth in the United States
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21. What might be some immediate negative consequences for teenagers related to alcohol use?
Hangovers, illnesses, and injuries
School absences and inability to focus on work
Legal problems such as a suspended driving license
Unwanted pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases

22. Reasons People Use and Abuse Alcohol
Lesson 10.3
Reasons People Use and Abuse Alcohol

23. Alcohol Use versus Abuse
Moderate (social) drinking
One drink per day or less on average for women
Two drinks per day or less on average for men
Does not cause problems that interfere with health or daily life
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24. Problem Drinking Problem drinking results in negative consequences
Problem drinkers are psychologically dependent on alcohol
Problem drinkers are not physically addicted to alcohol
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25. What are the stages of substance abuse?
First stage: experimentation
Second stage: regular use
Third stage: tolerance
Final stage: dependence and addiction

26. The Contribution of Biology
Research has shown that biological factors contribute to alcohol abuse
Some research suggests that people with specific genes have a greater risk of developing problems with alcohol use
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27. The Role of Environment
People’s beliefs about alcohol use are influenced by their environment
Culture
Social relationships
Family and friends
Media may also contribute to alcohol use
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28. Strategies for Preventing and Treating Alcohol Abuse
Lesson 10.4
Strategies for Preventing and Treating Alcohol Abuse

29. Preventing Alcohol Abuse
High schools and colleges have developed many education programs to decrease risky drinking
Programs focus on short- and long-term consequences of alcohol use
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30. Critical Thinking Refusal Skills
Developing and practicing refusal skills can help when you are offered alcohol.
What are some strategies you can use to help you refuse alcohol?
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31. Government Approaches
Setting the minimum legal drinking age at 21
Limiting the purchase of alcohol
Raising the sales tax on alcohol
Conducting prevention programs
Placing limits on alcohol advertisements
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32. Strategies for Treating Alcoholism
There are a number of strategies that can help people quit drinking
One of the first steps in recovery for alcoholics is detoxification
Various medications can be used to help people stop drinking
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33. Support Groups Groups of people with a common problem
Group members share struggles and examples of getting through their common problem
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a well-known self-help program for alcohol abuse
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34. Self-Management Techniques
People can develop skills for managing the situations that lead them to want to drink
Avoid situations where alcohol is present
Respond in new ways to these situations
Learn new strategies for handling stress
Develop strategies for refusing alcohol
These self-management skills can be used in combination with other strategies

35. What You Can Do
It can be very difficult to love and care about someone who has a drinking problem
The first step to alcohol recovery is for the addicted person to want to change
Remember that you cannot force a person to stop drinking
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36. Critical Thinking Avoid Enabling
Encouraging an addict’s unhealthy behaviors, either intentionally or unintentionally, is called enabling.
What are some enabling behaviors that you should avoid in order to help someone who is an alcoholic?
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