1. By, Acchaya Bajracharya & Veronika Putzenlechner

2.  HPV = Human Papilloma Virus  More than 170 types of HPV  Transferred via skin on skin contact  Can lead to cancer  Some types show symptoms, others do not

3.  Non-enveloped DNA Virus  Family: Papillomavirus family  Establish only on basal keratinocytes of skin/mucous membrane  HPV types 6 and 11: cause genital warts  HPV types 16 and 18: may progress to precancerous lesions and invasive cancer

4.  generally skin contact:  perinatal  genital infections  hands  shared objects (toys)  blood  surgery

5.  Cancer  Respiratory papillomatosis  Immuno-comprimised  Genital wart  Skin warts  Types of warts:  Common skin warts  plantar warts  subungual or periungual warts  flat warts

7. Incidence of HPV associated cancers in USA (2004-2008)

8.  Estimated global prevalence = 11.7% (women)  Sub-Saharan Africa = 24%  Eastern Europe = 21.4%  Latin America = 16.1% Highest percentage of cases of HPV in women

9. Estimated deaths since 2014: Worldwide = 536019 United States = 11139

11.  Vaccine:  Gardasil  Gardasil 9  Cervarix  Education  Social mobilization  Screening  Papillative care  Use & promotion of safe sex – condoms  Male circumcision Protection against HPV types: 6, 11, 16 & 18 Protection against HPV types: 16 & 18

12.  Currently no specific treatment for HPV  Virus normally clears by itself – within 2 years  Genital warts:  Physical ablation – e.g. Excision, cryosurgery, etc.  Topical agents – e.g. 0.15–0.5% podophyllotoxin solution  Cancer:  chemotherapy

13.  DRACO drug = early stages  Alferon N = drug to treat genital warts  Lopinavir = antiretroviral – of the protease inhibitor class

14.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genital_wart https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genital_wart  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_papillomavirus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_papillomavirus  http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/202/12/1789.full http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/202/12/1789.full  http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes- prevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-fact-sheet#q4 http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes- prevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-fact-sheet#q4  http://www.who.int/immunization/topics/hpv/en/ http://www.who.int/immunization/topics/hpv/en/  http://www.nhs.uk/chq/Pages/2611.aspx http://www.nhs.uk/chq/Pages/2611.aspx  http://www.kegel.com/hpv/deaths/https://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Papillomaviridae http://www.kegel.com/hpv/deaths/https://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Papillomaviridae  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_papillomavirus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_papillomavirus  http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs380/en/ http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs380/en/