1. Iowa State University Pathogen Reduction Dialogue Panel 4 Intervention Strategies May 7, 2002 Introduction Chair: James S. Dickson, PhD Associate Professor and Chair, Microbiology Iowa State University

2. Intervention Strategies Martin FirthJohn Sofos Canadian Food Insp. AgencyColorado State Univ. Animal ProductionSlaughter John LuchanskyMike Ollinger USDA-ARSUSDA-ERS ProcessingBenefit/Cost

3. Iowa State University Points for Food Safety Interventions Production Source Transportation Processing Distribution Commercial Preparation or Retail Sale Consumer

4. Iowa State University What is an “intervention”? A working definition of an intervention is: a procedure, process or technology which reduces or eliminates a potential food borne hazard.

5. Iowa State University What is an “intervention”? The first “intervention” is Prevention!

6. Iowa State University Effect of Initial Population

7. Iowa State University Procedural Interventions Good Agricultural Practices Sanitation Practices Safe Food Handling Practices

8. Iowa State University Process Interventions Trimming and Washing Processes Cooking Processes Canning Processes

9. Iowa State University Technology Interventions Equipment Design Steam Pasteurization Irradiation

10. Iowa State University Interventions Multiple Interventions are required *no “silver bullet” *opportunities for recontamination

11. Iowa State University Multiple Interventions Pasteurized Milk – Grade A PMO On farm interventions – sanitation, equipment design, temperature control of product (reduces pathogens) Pasteurization – time/temperature process (destroys pathogens)

12. Iowa State University Multiple Interventions Pasteurized Milk Distribution and Retail – product held refrigerated (restricts growth of microorganisms)

13. Iowa State University Interventions Discussion Issues Research * what research needs to be done to further develop new technologies? * how can USDA-FSIS provide incentives to conduct the research?

14. Iowa State University Interventions Discussion Issues Research *how can you measure and verify the food safety impact of interventions?

15. Iowa State University Interventions Discussion Issues Implementation *what new technologies have been developed that are now ready to be implemented? *how can USDA-FSIS provide incentives to implement?

16. Iowa State University Interventions Discussion Issues Benefit vs. Cost *what can be said about likely benefits and costs of interventions?