1. Nation Building With the growth of towns supported by kings and the losses incurred by lords during the Crusades, the power of kings grew. Kings began to challenge the Church and form nations. 1 of 3 Europe in the Middle Ages Section 4: The Power of Kings Changes in England Beginning with William the Conqueror, strong English rulers increased the power of the king over lords and the Church. King John angered nobles and Church officials, who joined together to force John to sign the Magna Carta, which limited the king’s power. The king was required to consult a council, which later became the Parliament.

2. The Hundred Years’ War England and France fought over territory in France in the Hundred Years’ War, which lasted from 1337 to 1453. The English were winning until Joan of Arc took charge of French forces in 1429. She inspired the French to victory. The war increased national feeling in England and France and increased the power of the English Parliament. 2 of 3 Europe in the Middle Ages Section 4: The Power of Kings Section Reading Support Transparency Examview QuickTake Presenter Chapter Test

3. Europe in the Middle Ages: Section 4 Section Reading Support Transparency 3 of 3