2.  One of the eight parts of speech  Also known as a predicate  There must be a verb/predicate in a sentence  Verbs can be:  Action: Shows what the subject did:I jumped over the puddle.  Linking: I am a student. Linking verbs stand by themselves.  Helping verb (verb phrase): helps an action verb: I am going to the store.

5.  A direct object receives the ACTION of a verb  I hit the ball a long way.  You can only have a direct object IF there is an action verb  I painted the wall.( painted/wall)  A direct object is a noun or a pronoun  I shoveled the snow. The teacher scolded them.  A direct object answers the question WHOM? Or WHAT? The cowboy branded the cow. ( what was branded?)  A direct object always comes after the action verb. The boy pushed the car down the street.

6.  It always starts with a line: ______________  Next simple subject/simple predicate  Direct object: on the line, AFTER the verb. Separate the verb from the direct object by a vertical line that DOES NOT EXTEND BELOW THE ORIGINAL LINE.  Example: I gave the newspaper to the student.  I | gave | newspaper  Example: I painted the wall a bright red color.  I | painted | wall

7.  Main verb: shows the action of a sentence: I shoveled the snow.  Helping verb: comes before the main verb, “helps: the action verb. He did shovel the snow.  Verb phrase: helping verb + action verb: I did shovel the snow. I shall go to the pageant.  I am going to school tomorrow.

8.  Is, am, was, were, have, has, had, are, will be, shall be, could be, would be, ( look, feel, taste, smell, seem, appear)  Linking verb: a verb that “stands” by itself  I am the contestant in the show.  Linking verb: connects the subject of the sentence with a word or words in the predicate…names or describes the subject  The teacher is Mrs. Connor.  The boys look angry.  Verbs can be action or linking…have to see how they are used in the sentence.  I tasted the new dish. THAT IS ACTION  It tastes bitter. THAT CONNECTS  The dog appeared on the doorstep. THAT IS ACTION  The lady appears tired. THAT CONNECTS

10. SingularPlural First PersonI We Second PersonYouSecond PersonYou Third PersonHe, She, ItThird PersonThey

11.  Today I…. SingularPlural First Person IWe Second Person You Third Person He She It They

12.  USE THE CLUES:  SingularPlural  IWe  YouYou  He, She, ItThey  PRESENT: Today I….YOU, HE, WE, THEY  PAST: Yesterday I….YOU, HE, WE, THEY  FUTURE: TOMORROW I…YOU, HE, WE, THEY  SLEEP, WRITE, EAT, BAKE, RUN, WALK, DRIVE, PAINT….

13.  Verb Tense: verb relates to when something is happening: Present…Past…Future  Present Tense: verb which tells what the subject is doing Now, in the Present  See Chart pp 104  Take: takeswatch: watches buy: buys worry: worries  ***Do not change the form of verbs when they are used with plural subjects or with I or you  Girls: wave players: catch  Clue: How does it sound???

14.  Yesterday….  ( walk, jump, help) SingularPlural First Person I We Second Person YouSecond Person You Third Person He, She, ItThird Person They

15.  Past Tense verb: a verb that shows something happened in the PAST…already happened  Usually past tense verbs end in ED…however  Chart pp 106  Ed: worked, played, marched  Verbs ending in e: drop the e and add ed: hope: hoped …rope: roped  Verbs ending with a consonant and a y: drop the y and add ied…study: studied hurry: hurried  One syllable verbs ending with a single vowel and a consonant: double the final consonant and add ed  Mop: mopped plan: planned

16.  Tomorrow…  ( walk, talk, jump) SingularPlural First Person I We Second Person YouSecond Person You Third Person He, She, ItThird Person They

17.  Future Tense Verb: a verb that tells something is GOING TO HAPPEN…in the future  Use the helping verb: will or shall  Shall is often used with I or we

18.  There must be agreement between the subject of a sentence and the verb…otherwise the sentence won’t work  Present tense subject and verb must agree in NUMBER…singular or plural  Singular subject: singular verb:  Plural subject: plural verb:  Singular subject: add s or es to the verb  The coach trains the team.  Plural subject: do n ot add s or es to the verb..leave it alone  The coaches train the team.  I or you: use the plural form of the verb  You take the train to work. I take the train to work.  Compound subject: joined by and: use plural form of verb  The teacher and the nurse help the student.

19.  We can link or help  We must agree with the subject in number SubjectForm of Be Form of Have SingularPresentPastPresentPast IAmWasHavehad YouAreWereHavehad He,she,itIsWasHashad PluralPresentPastPresentPast WeAreWereHavehad YouAreWereHavehad TheyAreWereHaveHAD

20. SubjectForm of Be Form of Have SingularPresentPastPresentPast I You He, She, It Plural We You They

21.  Contraction: a combination of a verb with not…a word formed by joining two words, making one shorter word.  Use of an apostrophe ‘…takes the place of the letter or letters that were dropped to form the contraction  Not is not a verb so it cannot be part of a verb phrase.  N’t in a contraction is also not part of a verb or verb phrase.  Contractions:  Do not: don’tdoes not: doesn’tdid not: didn’t  Is not: isn’tare not: aren’twas not: wasn’t  Were not: weren’twill not: won’thave not: haven’t  Has not: hasn’thad not: hadn’tcould not: couldn’t  Would not: wouldn’tshould not: shouldn’tcannot: can’t  Must not: mustn’t

22.  I’m just a regular verb: just add ed to make me past tense: cry: cried jump: jumped  I’m not a regular verb: I get special attention  You have to learn me

23. Irregular Verbs VerbPast TensePast Tense with helping verb BringBrought(has, have, had) brought ComeCame(has, have, had) come GoWent(has,have,had) gone MakeMade(has, have, had) made RunRan(has, have, had) run SaySaid( has, have, had) said TakeTook( has, have, had) taken ThinkThought(has, have, had) thought WriteWrote( has, have, had) written

24. Irregular Verbs VerbPast TensePast with helping verb RingRang(has, had, have) rung SingSang(has, had, have) sung SwimSwam( has, had, have) swum BeginBegan( has, had, have) begun TearTore( has, had, have) torn WearWore(has, had, have) worn BreakBroke(has, had, have) broken SpeakSpoke( has, had, have) spoken StealStole( has, had, have) stolen ChooseChose( has, had, have) chosen FreezeFroze( has, had, have) frozen BlowBlew(has, had, have) blown GrowGrew(has, had, have) grown KnowKnew(has, had, have) known FlyFlew(has, had, have) flown

25.  Verb phrase: helping verb plus main verb  Main verb may have more than one helping verb  Helping verb: HAVE likes help from could, would, should, must  Could have…would have…should have…must have  Could, should, would, must DO NOT LIKE TO USE OF: WRONG: SHOULD OF SEEN, WOULD HAVE SEEN…  Correct: should have seen, would have seen, could have seen, must have seen  Contractions: could’ve, would’ve, should’ve must’ve

26. II teach…You learn TTeach: to instruct, to educate MMrs. Joan will teach the students how to fly. LLearn: to receive information, to gain information, knowledge SSarah was glad she learned her grammar rules. LLet: to allow, to permit LLet me get that package for you. LLeave: to go away from, to keep in place LLeave the papers on the table. LLeave the room immediately.

27. SSit: to rest, to be situated, rest body on hindquarters: Sit in the chair and do not move. I told the dog to sit. SSet: to place or put: Set this plate on the table. Mark set the book by his bed. CCan: to be able, capable: I can spell all the words correctly. MMay: to allow: May I go to the park tomorrow? May I get a drink of water?