1. How to Write a Basic Research Proposal? Lecture-12 (05-04-2012)

2. Select a Topic Search Literature: Books, internet, journals, newspapers, newsletters and other sources of information. Conduct interviews. Examine and analyze records and reports.

3. How to Select a Research Topic? Based on the SMART concept: ◦ S = Specific. ◦ M = Measurable. ◦ A = Achievable. ◦ R = Realistic. ◦ T = Time specific.

4. Choose a Topic Topic selected should be: ◦ Specific. ◦ Measurable. ◦ Achievable. ◦ Realistic. ◦ Time specific.

5. How to Develop a Rationale? The Rationale answers to the questions: ◦ Why ? ◦ How?

6. Why? Why have you selected this topic? ◦ Significance. ◦ Implications. ◦ Limitations. ◦ Further Directions.

7. How to Develop the Why of the Rationale? How to Develop the Why of the Rationale? International SignificantRegional SignificanceLocal SignificanceThe Problem/HypothesisAim(s)Objectives(s)

8. How to Develop the How of the Rationale? : How to Develop the How of the Rationale? : Observation Subjective Objective

9. Methodology Subjective: ◦ Interviews. ◦ Questionnaires. ◦ Discussions. ◦ Surveys. Objective: Experimental. Use of measuring devices. Use of recording devices.

10. Sources of Information Sources of Information Observation: ◦ Direct. ◦ Indirect. Interviews. Reports and records.

11. Activity vs. Time Chart

12. Acknowledgment of Sources Maintaining scientific integrity and honesty. Supports proposed argument and lends credibility and scientific validity to work. Use of APA, Chicago, Vancouver, MLA, and other writing styles. ◦ Each style has its own recording style.

13. References Pattron, D. 2004. Scientific Research. New York: Scientific Publishers.

15. Key Elements Title Page Abstract (on a separate single page) Abstract The Body (no page breaks between sections in the body)Body ◦ Introduction (2-3 pages) Introduction ◦ Methods (7-10 pages) Methods  Sample (1 page) Sample  Measures (2-3 pages) Measures  Design (2-3 pages) Design  Procedures (2-3 pages) Procedures ◦ Results (2-3 pages) Results ◦ Conclusions (1-2 pages) Conclusions References Tables Figures Appendices