1. Module 1-2 0 Road Safety – a Complex Field Describe road safety as a complex, multidisciplinary, multimodal field devoted to the prevention and/or mitigation of crashes, injuries, and fatalities.

2. Module 1-2 1 Major Topics The Complex Nature of Road Safety Safety Disciplines 4 Es of Road Safety Road Safety Modes Crash Prevention Paradigm Shift

3. Module 1-2 2 Safety DisciplinesBackgroundsEducationPerspectivesMultimodal

4. Module 1-2 3 Safety Silos Institutional Levels FederalFederal StateState LocalLocalModes Passenger vehiclesPassenger vehicles TrucksTrucks TransitTransit Pedestrians/bicyclistsPedestrians/bicyclists

5. Module 1-2 4 The 4 Es of Road SafetyEngineeringEducationEnforcement Emergency Response

6. Module 1-2 5 Engineering Design Construction Operations Maintenance Vehicle

7. Module 1-2 6 Education Behavior Change Rules of the Road Risk Awareness Amplify Enforcement and Engineering Activities

8. Module 1-2 7 EnforcementPoliceProsecutorsJudgesProbation

9. Module 1-2 8 Emergency Response Incident Response Emergency Medical Services Fire and Rescue Hazardous Materials Removal

10. Module 1-2 9 Public Health Roadway-related crashes are the leading cause of unintentional injuries and the sixth leading cause of death in the U.S. In 2004, road safety was the theme of the annual World Health Day celebration.

11. Module 1-2 10 Human Factors & Biomechanics Capabilities and Limitations of the Human Body Strength Reaction time Visual acuity Physical durability Effects of Exceeding Human Limitations

12. Module 1-2 11 Public/Private Administrators Driver Licensing Vehicle Registration Analyze Insurance Claims Set Rates for Vehicle and Health Insurance Develop and Enforce Policies, Procedures, and Regulations

13. Module 1-2 12 Transportation Planners

14. Module 1-2 13 Road Safety Modes Passenger Cars Commercial Vehicles Motorcycles Pedestrians and Cyclists Transit

15. Module 1-2 14 Vehicle Considerations Passenger Vehicles Largest number of crashes by farLargest number of crashes by far SizeSize Performance characteristicsPerformance characteristics Mode Connectivity Vehicle Characteristics Crash typesCrash types Fleet diversityFleet diversity Height and weightHeight and weight

16. Module 1-2 15 Other Motorized Vehicles Commercial Vehicles Interaction with other vehiclesInteraction with other vehicles Roadway considerationsRoadway considerationsMotorcycles Transit and Rail

17. Module 1-2 16 Comparison of Vehicle Type Involved in Crashes Vehicle Type Crash Type Total Number of Crashes Rate (per 100 million vehicle-miles traveled) Rate (per 100 million registered vehicles) Passenger Cars Fatal25,0291.5518.52 Injury1,893,0001171,401 Property Damage4,169,0002583,085 Light Trucks Fatal22,8382.0124.05 Injury1,209,0001071,273 Property Damage2,919,0002573,074 Large Trucks Fatal4,9322.2158.15 Injury82,00037971 Property Damage354,0001594,176 Motorcycles Fatal4,65543.2274.75 Injury80,0007461,291 Property Damage18,000168291

18. Module 1-2 17 Non-Motorized TransportPedestriansBicyclists Roadway Facilities

19. Module 1-2 18 Paradigm Shift Single Modes and Disciplines Collaboration Multidisciplinary and Multimodal Strategies

20. Module 1-2 19 Multidisciplinary Approaches Young Drivers Zero toleranceZero tolerance Graduated driver licensingGraduated driver licensing Safety Corridors

21. Module 1-2 20 Fatal Crash Involvement by Driver Age

22. Module 1-2 21 State Licensing Law & Driver Fatal Crash Involvement

23. Module 1-2 STRONGEST GDL – reduction of 38% for fatal crashes and 40% for injury crashes among16-year-old drivers. WEAKEST GDL – reduction of 11% for fatal crashes and 19% for injury crashes. Life-Saving Interventions – GDL Source: Baker et al., 2007

24. Module 1-2 Rating of GDL Laws in the United States Legend = Good = Fair = Marginal = Poor Source: http://www.iihs.org/laws/gdl_int ermediate.aspx

25. Module 1-2 24 Safety Corridor ProgramsLegislation Data Analysis SignageEnforcement Public Education

26. Module 1-2 25 Safety Corridors in New Mexico

27. Module 1-2 26

28. Module 1-2 27

29. Module 1-2 28 Review The Complex Nature of Road Safety Safety Disciplines 4 Es of Road Safety Road Safety Modes Crash Prevention Paradigm Shift