1. Bell Work (8/28) List any examples of fighting over religion that you can think of. WHY would people fight over religion?

2. Daily Objective Today you will summarize the causes and analyze the effects of the crusades and how they led into other parts of history.

3. The Power of the Church and its Reform

4. What are some things you learned about the church yesterday?

5. Embraced all people – men, women, poor, nobles – bonded people together Gave hope to powerless, promised eternal life after death for all Provided stability among warfare and turmoil Middle Ages becomes known as the Age of Faith Christianity – Why Popular?

6. Kings but no real leaders – CHURCH emerged as a powerful institution, much involvement in political affairs Middle Ages – time of power struggles between popes and kings To win in disagreements, Pope threatened excommunication – no salvation Smart kings ally with Pope

7. Goals of the Church Goals: spread Christianity convert Barbarians to Christianity unify Europe under the power of the Church

8. Governmental Duties of the Church collect taxes --tithe- 10% tax run courts -- inquisition punish criminals make laws The Church is the ultimate authority

9. Other Duties of the Church Education -- monasteries were Centers of learning -- teach reading and writing Latin (not their vernacular language) Vernacular: Your native language –Ex. English people speak English, French speak French Establish schools throughout Europe Hospital -- care for the sick and needy Inn -- guest houses for travelers

10. Decline in the Medieval Church loyalty became divided between spiritual and economic duties bishops and monks took on roles of the Lord/Vassal fiefs were awarded to wealthy church members spiritual discipline and leadership declined -- too secular – separate from the Church too much corruption and oppression

11. Crusades Crusades: a series of Holy wars in which the Christians of Western Europe attempted to regain control of the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from the Muslims

12. Goals of the Crusades Christians want to regain Palestine (the Holy Land) Reunite Christendom Send quarrelsome knights off to war

13. Land ( for younger sons) Power Forgiveness of sins Adventure Expand markets Temporary release from peasantry Why Fight?

14. 3 armies traveled separately from W. Europe Attempting to capture Jerusalem from the Muslims Ill-prepared for war, no strategy for capturing Jerusalem Met in Constantinople in 1097 – made way to Jerusalem 1099 – reached city and Jerusalem fell to Crusaders after 2 months Only Crusade that Christians won 1 st Crusade

16. 1147-1149 Muslims reconquered lands in Palestine (now Israel) again but not Jerusalem Second Crusade to recapture fallen cities Christians unsuccessful due to fighting leaders 2 nd Crusade

18. Crusades (continued) Third Crusade Crusade of the Kings water route led by French, English, and German Kings Phillip II (French) - argued with Richard and went home Frederick I (German) - drowned on the journey Richard the Lion Hearted (English) - lead the crusade

19. Crusades (continued) failed to recapture Holy Land forced to sign a truce with Saladin (Muslim King of the Saracens) Saladin promised that unarmed Christian pilgrims could freely visit the city’s holy places

21. Effects of Crusades 1.opened up Europe to the rest of the world – contact with more advanced civilizations had impact on European civilization 2.cities grew through increased trade 3.introduction of new products like silks, spices, pearls, food, and clothing materials. 4.classical literature was rediscovered 5.decline of Feudalism – Lords lost money, incurred debt, and were killed in battle 6.left the common man with a broader knowledge of the world 7.Decline of the church-people want to see change and REFORM

22. Effects of Crusades Life begins to change after the crusades end the biggest change in Medieval Society, after the Crusades, was the increased availability of trade goods and new ways of doing business commercial revolution: the expansion of trade and business

23. Daily Objective Today you will summarize the causes and analyze the effects of the crusades and how they led into other parts of history.