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Fig. 1-1. Fig. 1-2 Fig. 1-3 Order Evolutionary adaptation Response to the environment Reproduction Growth and development Energy processing Regulation.

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Presentation on theme: "Fig. 1-1. Fig. 1-2 Fig. 1-3 Order Evolutionary adaptation Response to the environment Reproduction Growth and development Energy processing Regulation."— Presentation transcript:

1 Fig. 1-1

2 Fig. 1-2

3 Fig. 1-3 Order Evolutionary adaptation Response to the environment Reproduction Growth and development Energy processing Regulation

4 Fig. 1-3a Order

5 Fig. 1-3b Evolutionary adaptation

6 Fig. 1-3c Response to the environment

7 Fig. 1-3d Reproduction

8 Fig. 1-3e Growth and development

9 Fig. 1-3f Energy processing

10 Fig. 1-3g Regulation

11 Fig. 1-4 The biosphere Communities Populations Organisms Ecosystems Organs and organ systems Cells Cell Organelles Atoms Molecules Tissues 10 µm 1 µm 50 µm

12 Fig. 1-4a The biosphere Communities Populations Organisms Ecosystems

13 Fig. 1-4b Organs and organ systems Cells Cell Organelles Atoms Molecules Tissues 10 µm 1 µm 50 µm

14 Fig. 1-4c The biosphere

15 Fig. 1-4d Ecosystems

16 Fig. 1-4e Communities

17 Fig. 1-4f Populations

18 Fig. 1-4g Organisms

19 Fig. 1-4h Organs and organ systems

20 Fig. 1-4i Tissues 50 µm

21 Fig. 1-4j Cells Cell 10 µm

22 Fig. 1-4k 1 µm Organelles

23 Fig. 1-4l Atoms Molecules

24 Fig. 1-5 Sunlight Ecosystem Heat Cycling of chemical nutrients Producers (plants and other photosynthetic organisms) Chemical energy Consumers (such as animals)

25 Fig. 1-6 (a) Wings (c) Neurons (b) Bones Infoldings of membrane Mitochondrion (d) Mitochondria 0.5 µm 100 µm

26 Fig. 1-6a (a) Wings

27 Fig. 1-6b (b) Bones

28 Fig. 1-6c (c) Neurons 100 µm

29 Fig. 1-6d Infoldings of membrane Mitochondrion (d) Mitochondria 0.5 µm

30 Fig. 1-7 25 µm

31 Fig. 1-8 1 µm Organelles Nucleus (contains DNA) Cytoplasm Membrane DNA (no nucleus) Membrane Eukaryotic cell Prokaryotic cell

32 Fig. 1-9 Nuclei containing DNA Sperm cell Egg cell Fertilized egg with DNA from both parents Embryo’s cells with copies of inherited DNA Offspring with traits inherited from both parents

33 Fig. 1-10 Nucleus DNA Cell Nucleotide (a) DNA double helix(b) Single strand of DNA

34 Fig. 1-11

35 Fig. 1-12 Outer membrane and cell surface Cytoplasm Nucleus

36 Fig. 1-13 Negative feedback  Excess D blocks a step D D D A B C Enzyme 1 Enzyme 2 Enzyme 3 D (a) Negative feedback W Enzyme 4 X Positive feedback Enzyme 5 Y + Enzyme 6 Excess Z stimulates a step Z Z Z Z (b) Positive feedback

37 Fig. 1-13a Excess D blocks a step (a) Negative feedback Negative feedback D D D D C B A Enzyme 1 Enzyme 2 Enzyme 3 –

38 Fig. 1-13b Excess Z stimulates a step (b) Positive feedback Z Positive feedback Enzyme 4 Enzyme 5 Enzyme 6 Z Z Z Y X W +

39 Fig. 1-14 SpeciesGenusFamilyOrderClassPhylumKingdomDomain Ursus americanus (American black bear) Ursus Ursidae Carnivora Mammalia Chordata Animalia Eukarya

40 Fig. 1-15 (a) DOMAIN BACTERIA (b) DOMAIN ARCHAEA (c) DOMAIN EUKARYA Protists Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Animalia

41 Fig. 1-15a (a) DOMAIN BACTERIA

42 Fig. 1-15b (b) DOMAIN ARCHAEA

43 Fig. 1-15c (c) DOMAIN EUKARYA Protists Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Animalia

44 Fig. 1-15d Protists

45 Fig. 1-15e Kingdom Fungi

46 Fig. 1-15f Kingdom Plantae

47 Fig. 1-15g Kingdom Animalia

48 Fig. 1-16 Cilia of Paramecium Cross section of a cilium, as viewed with an electron microscope Cilia of windpipe cells 15 µm 5 µm 0.1 µm

49 Fig. 1-17

50 Fig. 1-18

51 Fig. 1-19

52 Fig. 1-20 Population with varied inherited traits. Elimination of individuals with certain traits. Reproduction of survivors. Increasing frequency of traits that enhance survival and reproductive success. 43 21

53 Fig. 1-21

54 Fig. 1-22 COMMON ANCESTOR Warbler finches Insect-eaters Seed-eater Bud-eater Insect-eatersTree finches Green warbler finch Certhidea olivacea Gray warbler finch Certhidea fusca Sharp-beaked ground finch Geospiza difficilis Vegetarian finch Platyspiza crassirostris Mangrove finch Cactospiza heliobates Woodpecker finch Cactospiza pallida Medium tree finch Camarhynchus pauper Large tree finch Camarhynchus psittacula Small tree finch Camarhynchus parvulus Large cactus ground finch Geospiza conirostris Cactus ground finch Geospiza scandens Small ground finch Geospiza fuliginosa Medium ground finch Geospiza fortis Large ground finch Geospiza magnirostris Ground finches Seed-eaters Cactus-flower- eaters

55 Fig. 1-22a Warbler finches Insect-eaters Seed-eater Bud-eater Green warbler finch Certhidea olivacea Gray warbler finch Certhidea fusca Sharp-beaked ground finch Geospiza difficilis Vegetarian finch Platyspiza crassirostris

56 Fig. 1-22b Insect-eaters Tree finches Mangrove finch Cactospiza heliobates Woodpecker finch Cactospiza pallida Medium tree finch Camarhynchus pauper Large tree finch Camarhynchus psittacula Small tree finch Camarhynchus parvulus

57 Fig. 1-22c Large cactus ground finch Geospiza conirostris Cactus ground finch Geospiza scandens Small ground finch Geospiza fuliginosa Medium ground finch Geospiza fortis Large ground finch Geospiza magnirostris Ground finches Seed-eaters Cactus-flower- eaters

58 Fig. 1-23

59 Fig. 1-24 Observations Question Hypothesis #1: Dead batteries Hypothesis #2: Burnt-out bulb Prediction: Replacing batteries will fix problem Prediction: Replacing bulb will fix problem Test prediction Test falsifies hypothesis Test does not falsify hypothesis

60 Fig. 1-24a Observations Question Hypothesis #1: Dead batteries Hypothesis #2: Burnt-out bulb

61 Fig. 1-24b Test prediction Hypothesis #1: Dead batteries Hypothesis #2: Burnt-out bulb Test prediction Prediction: Replacing batteries will fix problem Prediction: Replacing bulb will fix problem Test falsifies hypothesis Test does not falsify hypothesis

62 Fig. 1-25 South Carolina North Carolina Key Scarlet kingsnake (nonpoisonous) Eastern coral snake (poisonous) Range of scarlet kingsnake only Overlapping ranges of scarlet kingsnake and eastern coral snake

63 Fig. 1-26 (a) Artificial kingsnake (b) Brown artificial snake that has been attacked

64 Fig. 1-26a (a) Artificial kingsnake

65 Fig. 1-26b (b) Brown artificial snake that has been attacked

66 Fig. 1-27 Artificial kingsnakes Brown artificial snakes 83% 84% 17% 16% Coral snakes absent Coral snakes present Percent of total attacks on artificial snakes 100 80 60 40 20 0 RESULTS

67 Fig. 1-28 From body From lungs Right atrium Left atrium Left ventricle Right ventricle To lungsTo body

68 Fig. 1-29

69 Fig. 1-30

70 Fig. 1-UN1

71 Fig. 1-UN2

72 Fig. 1-UN3 Producers Consumers

73 Fig. 1-UN4

74 Fig. 1-UN5

75 Fig. 1-UN6

76 Fig. 1-UN7

77 Fig. 1-UN8 Population of organisms Hereditary variations Overproduction and competition Differences in reproductive success of individuals Evolution of adaptations in the population Environmental factors

78 Fig. 1-UN9


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