2. Useful structure ( 30m ) By Zhang Chunling

3. Active and Passive Voice Voice The voice of a verb tells whether the subject of the sentence performs or receives the action. In English there are two voices, passive and active. Active Voice In active voice, the subject performs the action expressed by the verb: The student wrote a song. Passive Voice In passive voice, the subject receives the action expressed by the verb: A song was written by the student.

4. Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs TenseSubject Auxiliary Past Participle SingularPlural PresentThe car/carsisaredesigned. Present perfectThe car/carshas beenhave beendesigned. PastThe car/carswasweredesigned. Past perfectThe car/carshad been designed. FutureThe car/carswill be designed. Future perfectThe car/carswill have been designed. Present progressiveThe car/carsis beingare beingdesigned. Past progressiveThe car/carswas beingwere beingdesigned.

5. Changing a sentence from the active voice to the passive voice involves 3 steps: 1. move the direct object to the subject of the sentence. 2. move the subject to the end of the sentence; add the preposition "by" before it. 3. change the verb.

6. Changing the verb involves three steps: 1. check the verb tense; use the verb “be” in the same tense; 2. change the verb into a past participle; put this verb after the form of “be”; 3. check that the new verb goes with the new subject.

7. Examples: The Future Passive Voice

8. a. He will plant more trees. More trees will be planted by him. b. She will take care of the children. The children will be taken care of by her.

9. Practice: 1. Beijing will hold the 29th Olympic Games in the year 2008. →The 29th Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in the year 2008. →When will the 29th Olympic Games be held in Beijing ?

10. 2. Millions of people will watch the final match on TV. →The final match will be watched on TV by millions of people. →Where will the final match be watched by millions of people? →How will the final match be watched by millions of people?

11. 1.This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He _______ trying to save a child in the earthquake. A. killed B. is killed C. was killed D. was killing 高考链接 C 解析：答案 C 。根据题意，此处需用被动 形式表达被动意义， B 项时态不对。

12. 2. Visitors _______ not to touch the exhibits. A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested 高考链接 D 解析：答案 D 。题意为 “ 要求参观者不要动 展品 ” ，需用被动结构。

13. 3. We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it _________ very well. A. worked out B. tried out C. went D. carried on 高考链接 A 解析：答案 A 。题意为 “ 我们没有那样策划 我们的艺术展览，但结果却很好。 ” 只有 A 项可表达出结果。 B 项为 “ 试验，试用 ” ， C 项意为 “ 进行，进展 ” ，不表示结果，只表 示进程， D 项意为 “ 继续，进行 ” ，也表达 不出结果。

14. 4. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ________ to her mother. A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing 高考链接 A 解析：答案 A 。从题意看出，此处表示具 体意义，指距离近，所以 A 项正确。

15. 6. At this time tomorrow _______ over the Atlantic. A. we’re going to fly B. we’ll be flying C. we’ll fly D. we’re to fly 高考链接 B 解析：答案 B 。根据时间状语确定，此处 表示将来某一时刻在做的事，需用将来进 行时态， C 项不是最佳答案， A,D 强调计 划、打算，意义不当。

16. 7. I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s __________. A. reach B. hand C. hold D. place 高考链接 A 解析：答案 A 。本题考查固定短语 out of sb’s reach ，意为 “ 某人够不到的地方。 ”