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Published byLetitia Doyle Modified over 9 years ago
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SEAFLOOR SEDIMENTS Lithogenous Biogenous Hydrogenous Cosmogenous
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General patterns Review shape of typical ocean floor Lots of sediments near continents Few sediments at ocean ridges – Why?
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Lithogenous (1) From weathering and erosion of continents Some relatively close to continental mass ◦ Beach sediments ◦ River sediments ◦ Glacial debris ◦ Graded bedding from turbidity currents
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Turbidity currents and graded bedding Turbidity currents and graded bedding
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Lithogenous (2) Some found on abyssal plain ◦ Wind-blown debris ◦ Red clays
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Biogenous sediments (1) Remains of formerly living organisms (shells and reef material) Silica rich: radiolarians, diatoms Calcium carbonate rich: ◦ forams, coccolithophores, reefs ◦ carbonate compensation depth
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RADIOLARIAN
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DIATOMS
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FORAMS
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COCCOLITHS
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Biogenous (2) Difficult to accumulate biogenous oozes Productivity of that area of the ocean Destruction as “shells” fall to seafloor Additional CCD for carbonate sediments Dilution by other sediments
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Hydrogenous sediments Evaporites Manganese nodules Phosphorite nodules Metal sulfides
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Manganese Nodules
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Cosmosgenous sediments Meteorites Tektites Random distribution and relatively insignificant TEKTITES
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MAP OF SEDIMENTS IN OCEAN Student version
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Resources from the seafloor What is accessible? What is owned by whom? What is economically valuable?
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