1. Protein Synthesis: Transcription & Translation

3.  Cell Structure  The cell is 80% protein

4.  DNA  Template for making mRNA during Transcription *The template strand is the DNA strand being copied

5.  RNA A) mRNA = messenger RNA  Makes and takes copy of DNA to the cytoplasm B) tRNA = transfer RNA  Brings the anticodons to pair with the codons on the mRNA strand

6.  Ribosome  Amino Acids  Building blocks of proteins  Protein = AA chain  ORDER MATTERS!!

7.  Transcription (Writing the “message”)  DNA -> mRNA Location = Nucleus Steps: 1. Enzyme binds to DNA, unzips it 2. mRNA copy is made from DNA template *U replaces T in RNA* mRNA complements known as codons  Only 3 nucleotide “letters” long

8.  mRNA -> tRNA -> protein (AA chain)  Location= cytoplasm First codon in mRNA is the start codon AUG

9.  1. mRNA moves to the cytoplasm and binds with ribosome  2. tRNA brings the anticodon to bind with the Codon  3. Ribosome moves down to mRNA to next codon  4. tRNA anticodon brings & attached next AA with peptide bond (Elongation)  5. tRNA leaves ribosome once AA attached  Attached amino acid that is carried from cytoplasm to ribosomes  http://wn.com/protein_synthesis_animation http://wn.com/protein_synthesis_animation

11. DNA Triplet mRNA Codon tRNA Anti-codon TAC GGA CCT GTA ACT