1. Chapter 6.2

2.  Define the freedoms that are protected by the First Amendment.  Summarize the amendments that protect against abuse of power by the government.  Explain how the rights of the accused are protected by the Bill of Rights  Describe the rights protected by the Ninth and Tenth amendment.

3.  Separation of church and state  Eminent domain  Due process of law  Double jeopardy

4.  What is the bill of rights?  Why did people want it added to the Constitution?

5.  Spells out basic rights that are protected under our government  Fall into 3 categories: ◦ Individual Freedoms ◦ Protection against tyranny ◦ Protection for those accused of crimes

6.  Guarantees freedom of religion, of speech, and of the press  Right to assemble peacefully  Right to petition the government

7.  Every American is free to practice any religion or none at all  Establishes Separation of church and state

8.  Government may not favor any religion or establish a state religion  1 st time in history  Religion may never be used as a test for deciding who can hold office or who may vote

9.  Right to speak and write freely, to say what you believe  Can not slander another person – tell lies to damage some one’s reputation

10.  Freedom of the Press ◦ From the Zenger case ◦ Prevents the government from deciding what may be printed

11.  Allows people to criticize the government without fearing arrest  Many countries government controls newspapers, radio, and tv

12.  Limits on freedom of the press: ◦ Can not unfairly damage a person’s reputation by printing lies ◦ Can not endanger the lives of citizens (“Fire”)

13.  Right to assemble – meet together  May hold demonstrations to protest as long as: ◦ Peaceful ◦ Does not violate the rights of others

14.  Freedom of Petition – Any citizen or group has the right to ask a government representative to change a law, make a new law, or solve a problem

15.  May request in writing, telephone, or by sending a written petition ◦ Signed by many citizens

16.  List the rights given under the 1 st Amendment.  Define assemble and separation of church and state.

17.  Protects the right to possess firearms (own guns)  Needed guns to defend themselves  Remembered the American Revolution

18.  Provided protection against abuse of power  The meaning of this is debated  Do Americans have the right to own guns for personal use?

19.  Government may not require people to house soldiers during peacetime  England allowed soldiers to use colonists’ homes as living quarters

20.  Government must obtain the owner’s consent first  During wartime, a citizen may have to provide soldiers with housing, Congress must approve

21.  Protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures  Officers cannot search a citizen or a citizen’s home without a valid reason

22.  Usually must have a search warrant – written permission from a judge  Police must convince a judge that they are likely to find evidence of a crime

23.  Can the government take away your property for public use?  Build a road, subway, park,etc.

24.  Eminent Domain – the power to take private property for public use  However, government must pay owners fair price for their property

25.  Guarantees that no one may be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law

26.  Right to remain silent  Can not force someone to be a witness against himself  “I take the fifth”

27.  Confessions must be given; not forced  If suspected of committing a serious crime, must be indicted by a grand jury

28.  Grand jury determines if there is enough evidence to put the person on trial  Protection from Double jeopardy – being placed on trial twice for the same crime

29.  Found “not guilty” of a crime, can not be put on trial again for the same offense

30.  Explain the 2 nd – 5 th Amendments.  Define double jeopardy and eminent domain.

31.  Guarantees the right to a trial by jury in criminal cases  Right to speedy, public, and fair trial in any case involving a crime

32.  Can not be tried in secret or kept in jail for a long time awaiting trial  Have the right to the advice of a lawyer

33.  Right to know what the accusations are and the right to ask questions of any witness during the trial

34.  Guarantees the right to a trial by jury in civil cases  Deals with property or money – value must be at least $20.00

35.  Prohibits excessive bail, fines, and punishments  Protects person against unfair treatment both before and after the trial

36.  Bail – a certain amount of money that an accused person may be allowed to deposit with the court to get out of jail until the trial

37.  Pledge that the person will appear at the trial  8 th Amendment forbids the bail from being set at an unfair amount

38.  Declares that rights not mentioned in the Constitution belong to the people  Couldn’t possibly include all the rights, so added this amendment

39.  Declares that powers not given to the national government belong to the states or to the people  Settles question of who has powers not listed in Constitution

40.  Explain the 6 th - 10 th Amendments.  Define bail.