1. Chemistry Exam Review

2. Ionic compounds Formula: Naming: two atoms Name metal.
Metal + non-metal
Naming:
Name metal.
Then name non-metal and change ending to “ide”
Check for multivalent metals (use roman numerals)
Formula:
Write symbols (metal first, non-metal second)
Write charges above
Criss-cross numbers
Simplify if possible

3. Polyatomic compounds Formula: Naming: more than two atoms Name metal
metal + polyatomic ion (many non-metals)
Naming:
Name metal
Then name polyatomic ion
Check for multivalent metals (use roman numerals)
Formula:
Write symbols
Write charges
Criss-cross numbers
Add brackets around polyatomic ion formula if putting subscript behind it
Simplify if possible

4. Binary Acids Formula: Naming: two 2 atoms Write symbols Write charges
starts with H + non-metal second
Naming:
H becomes "hydro"
Name non-metal and change ending to "ic"
Add acid
Formula:
Write symbols
Write charges
Criss-cross numbers
4) Add (aq) to the end

5. Examples: Give the formula: Hydrofluoric acid Hydroiododic acid
Give the name:
HCl(aq)
HBr(aq)

6. Oxyacids more than 2 atoms Naming: Write symbols Write charges
always starts with H + polyatomic ion second
Naming:
Name polyatomic ion
If ending is "ate" change ending to "ic acid"
If ending is "ite" change ending to "ous acid"
Formula:
Write symbols
Write charges
Criss-cross numbers
4) add (aq)

7. Examples: Give the formula: Nitrous acid Chloric acid Give the name:
H2SO4(aq)
H3PO3(aq)

8. Molecular compounds two atoms Naming: Formula only non-metals
Name first non-metal using prefixes (not “mono”)
Name the second non-metal using all prefixes
Change ending to “ide”
Formula
Write symbols
Prefix tells how many of each atom

9. Balancing Chemical Equations
Cannot change any of the subscripts
Only add number to the front of the molecules
Leave the simplest molecules or lone atoms until last
Work on the most complicated molecules first

10. Word/Chemical Equations
Need same number and type of atoms on reactant and product side of equation
Word Equation
Skeleton Equation
Balanced Equation

11. Types of Reactions Synthesis reaction Decomposition reaction
A + B  AB
Decomposition reaction
AB  A + B
Single displacement reaction 
AB + C  AC + B or A + BC
Double displacement reaction
AB + CD  AD + CB
Combustions reaction
CxHy + O2  CO2 + H2O
Incomplete Combustion reaction
CxHy + O2  CO2 + H2O + CO + C
Neutralization Reaction
acid + base  water + ionic salt

12. Predicting Products
Need same type and number of atoms on reactant side and product side
Identify which type of reaction it is
Switch atoms accordingly
Balance equation

13. Examples Na + O2  KOH + H2SO4  FeS  Cl2 + NaBr  NaCl + Cu2SO4 
C4H6 + O2 

14. Acids/Bases/PH
Acid
Base
Neutral

15. Change in the number of H+ ions
Change in pH
pH scale
Change in the number of H+ ions
from 1 to 2
_______ times more ________
_______ times less _________
from 2 to 5
from 12 to 8