1. BellRinger: 1) Spend the first 3 minutes reviewing your political maps.

2. Location, Climate, and Natural Resources of Italy and Germany Unit 2 Notes

3. Italy’s Location  Long, boot-shaped peninsula surrounded on 3 sides by the Mediterranean Sea  Alps form the northern border  Apennine Mountains run from the Alps to the sea  2 islands, Sardinia & Sicily, are part of the country  Long, boot-shaped peninsula surrounded on 3 sides by the Mediterranean Sea  Alps form the northern border  Apennine Mountains run from the Alps to the sea  2 islands, Sardinia & Sicily, are part of the country

5. Italy’s Climate  Temperate (mild) climate with regional differences  Coastal areas have mild winters and warm, dry summers  Mountains have cold, wet, and snowy winters and humid summers  Temperate (mild) climate with regional differences  Coastal areas have mild winters and warm, dry summers  Mountains have cold, wet, and snowy winters and humid summers

6. Italy’s Natural Resources  Has few mineral resources: natural gas, marble, granite, coal, mercury, zinc, and potash (various mined and manufactured salts that contain potassium in water)  Arable land is important (26% fertile land)  small farms cover much of the country  Grapes & olives are important crops  There are more than 800 ports for fishing boats  Has few mineral resources: natural gas, marble, granite, coal, mercury, zinc, and potash (various mined and manufactured salts that contain potassium in water)  Arable land is important (26% fertile land)  small farms cover much of the country  Grapes & olives are important crops  There are more than 800 ports for fishing boats

7. Where People Live  Population: 58,000,000  Land Area: 301,340 sq km  7 out of 10 Italians live in urban areas (Rome, Naples, Milan, & Turin)  About half of the people live in the most northern 1/3 rd of the country!  Population: 58,000,000  Land Area: 301,340 sq km  7 out of 10 Italians live in urban areas (Rome, Naples, Milan, & Turin)  About half of the people live in the most northern 1/3 rd of the country!

8. Rome, Italy

9. Naples

10. Trade  Apennine Mountains are like a backbone across Italy  They affect where people live & how they transport people and goods  Location on the Mediterranean Sea affects trade with other countries  Has a long history of shipping goods to countries in Africa, Europe, & Asia  Apennine Mountains are like a backbone across Italy  They affect where people live & how they transport people and goods  Location on the Mediterranean Sea affects trade with other countries  Has a long history of shipping goods to countries in Africa, Europe, & Asia

11. Germany’s Location  In north-central Europe on European Plain  Southern region = mountainous;  central region = hilly and mountainous; northern region = flat plains  Contains the most important commercial waterway in Europe (Rhine River)  In north-central Europe on European Plain  Southern region = mountainous;  central region = hilly and mountainous; northern region = flat plains  Contains the most important commercial waterway in Europe (Rhine River)

14. Remaining Section of the Berlin Wall The Berlin Wall was a barrier constructed by the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) starting on 13 August 1961, that completely cut off West Berlin.barrierEast GermanyWest Berlin

15. Germany’s Climate  Most of Germany has a marine climate  In the west: winters are mild, summers are cool, with rainfall year round  Gulf Stream warms the region, making the land warmer in the winter and cooling it off in the summer  In the east: winters are very cold, summers are very hot with long dry periods  Most of Germany has a marine climate  In the west: winters are mild, summers are cool, with rainfall year round  Gulf Stream warms the region, making the land warmer in the winter and cooling it off in the summer  In the east: winters are very cold, summers are very hot with long dry periods

17. Germany’s Natural Resources  Has many natural resources: iron ore, coal, potash, uranium, nickel, natural gas, & copper  Timber is also a resource, but much of the forests in the north have been cut down for farms & towns  About 1/3 rd of the land is arable  Has many natural resources: iron ore, coal, potash, uranium, nickel, natural gas, & copper  Timber is also a resource, but much of the forests in the north have been cut down for farms & towns  About 1/3 rd of the land is arable

18. Where People Live  Population: 82,000,000  Land Area: 357,022 sq km  Germany is one of the most densely populated countries in Europe  85% of the population lives in urban areas (cities)  Berlin is the largest city & the capital  Population: 82,000,000  Land Area: 357,022 sq km  Germany is one of the most densely populated countries in Europe  85% of the population lives in urban areas (cities)  Berlin is the largest city & the capital

20. Trade  Rhine River is very important for trade  Many German cities lie along the Rhine  Location gives those cities an excellent way to transport goods & people  Rhine River is very important for trade  Many German cities lie along the Rhine  Location gives those cities an excellent way to transport goods & people

21. Similarities?  Differences?