2. Webster's dictionary defines a wave as "a disturbance or variation that transfers energy progressively from point to point in a medium and that may take the form of an elastic deformation or of a variation of pressure, electric or magnetic intensity, electric potential, or temperature."

3. http://www.kettering.edu/~drussell/Demos/waves-intro/waves-intro.html Human wave © Dan Russell (2002)

4. http://www.kettering.edu/~drussell/Demos/waves-intro/waves-intro.html In Longitudinal waves, the particles in a medium oscillate back and forth about their equilibrium positions but it is the disturbance which travels, not the individual particles in the medium. Longitudinal Wave © Dan Russell (2002)

5. http://www.kettering.edu/~drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html In a transverse wave the particle displacement is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. The particles do not move along with the wave; they simply oscillate up and down about their individual equilibrium positions as the wave passes by. Transverse wave © Dan Russell (2002)

6. Water waves are an example of waves that involve a combination of both longitudinal and transverse motions. As a wave travels through the water, the particles travel in circles. http://www.kettering.edu/~drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html Water Wave © Dan Russell (2002)

7. For a sinusoidal plane wave

8. To determine angular frequency  To determine wavelength

10.  (x,0)  (x,  t) SB

11. Time evolution of phase

12. Constant phase surfaces In three dimension- wave moving in x direction

13. Wave fronts (constant phase surface) Phase velocity: v p

14. Arbitrary direction Wave vector Along x Along arbitrary direction

15. 1. LECTURE NOTES FOR PHYSICS I SASTRY AND SARASWAT 2. THE PHYSICS OF VIBRATIONS AND WAVES AUTHOR: H.J. PAIN IIT KGP Central Library Class no. 530.124 PAI/P