1. Surface processes KARST TOPOGRAPHY
UNIT 8
Surface processes
KARST TOPOGRAPHY
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education

2. Karst topography Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education Alvar
UNIT 8
Karst topography
Alvar
Sinkholes
Well
Collapsed sinkhole
Infiltration of the water throughout the limestone
Canyon
Cave
Underground river
Water table
Limestone
Impermeable rock
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education

3. Karst topography Alvar
UNIT 8
Karst topography
Alvar
Alvars or limestone pavements are areas composed of slabs, divided by deep fissures, generally with sharp edges.
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education

4. Karst topography Sinkholes
UNIT 8
Karst topography
Sinkholes
Sinkholes or dolines are funnel-shaped depressions which form in areas on the surface of the massif where water accumulates.
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education

5. Karst topography Polje
UNIT 8
Karst topography
Polje
Poljes are large depressions resulting from the union of a number of sinkholes.
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education

6. Karst topography Collapsed sinkhole
UNIT 8
Karst topography
Collapsed sinkhole
Collapsed sinkholes are enormous cavities with very vertical walls, which are formed when the inside of the massif is so hollowed-out that the surface (the roof of the cavities) collapses.
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education

7. Karst topography Canyon
UNIT 8
Karst topography
Canyon
Canyons or gorges are deep ravines with vertical walls.
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education

8. UNIT 8
Karst topography
Cave
The systems of cavities of a karst massif are composed of galleries, which are horizontal tunnels, potholes, which are vertical shafts, or caves, which are large cavities that are formed when the systems of potholes and galleries widen and join together.
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education