2. CWRF 2010 6th Workshop on CW and High Average Power RF 4 – 7 May 2010 CELLS - ALBA, Barcelona Jean-Paul ABADIE : jean-paul.abadie@areva.com Alain CAUHEPE : alain.cauhepe@areva.com

3. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.3 Short Presentation of ELTA - AREVA ELTA is an AREVA Subsidiary specialized in Electronics for Harsh Environments, located in Toulouse (France). ELTA is a 230 employees company with 30 years Heritage in :  Radio-Frequency for Aeronautic, Space & Scientific applications  Instrumention and Control (I&C) for Defence and Transportation markets  High Power Supplies for Defence and Aeronautic markets  Water Analysers for Nuclear market From Design to Customer Support :  Design tools : RF, Analog, Digital simulation, 3D CAD, PCB Design Software,  Test Equipments up to 40 GHz  Customer Support up to 30 years for Nuclear, Aeronautic, Defense domains

4. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.4 Power ConversionControl CommandChemistry Analysis Short Presentation of ELTA - AREVA RF & DSP WIFI on aircraft Satellite Ground Station S-Band MODEM DC-DC Converters Bay DC-AC Converter 83 kVA Fault Tolerant Computer Fail Safe Processor Oxygen Analyser Sodium Analyser

5. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.5 LIL (Laser Integration Line) : CEA  Featuring LMJ (Laser Mega Joule)  Signal conditionning  Very fast transient acquisition  Instrumentation & Control UHF Transponders for Martian Programs : NASA  Mars Observer, Mars Global Surveyor  Russian mission MARS 94  Successful Relaying of Martian Rovers in 2004 Equipments for Stratospheric Ballons : CNES  Onboard equipments  L-Band or S-Band Transceivers  Telemetry & Telecommand Ground Station ELTA in Scientific Programs

6. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.6 Partnership with SOLEIL Synchrotron 2009 : Agreement between ELTA and SOLEIL for transferring the « SSA » technology of high RF Power Amplifier, developed and set in operation by SOLEIL since several years Feb 2010 : Development by SOLEIL of a new Amplifier Module  Doubling of the power of the elementary module up to 700 W  Improvement of Gain and Efficiency  Specification and Industrialization of the Amplifier Module driven by ELTA June 2010 : Test of the 1st assembly of 16 Amplifier Modules (10kW)  Qualification & Test will be performed by ELTA and SOLEIL teams Nov 2010 : Test of the first 75 kW Tower

7. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.7 June 2009 : Contract with ESRF for providing seven 150 kW PA for Booster and Storage Ring Design of the overall 150kW Power Amplifier and of some specific equipments Industrialization of the Amplifier Module designed by SOLEIL Validation – Qualification Tests of the Sub-assemblies and of the overall 150 kW Power Amplifier (with SOLEIL support for High Power Tests) ESRF Project : 150 kW Power Amplifier

8. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.8 150 kW Power Amplifier for ESRF Synchrotron RF Architecture of the 150 kW SSA Power Amplifier 100 mW 5 kW 38 kW 75 kW 150 kW Pre-Driver Driver 1 Control Box per 16 modules Assembly Amplifier Modules

9. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.9 Mechanical Presentation 150 kW Power Amplifier for ESRF Synchrotron Electrical Box Cold Plate Assembly 16 Amplifier Modules 16 DC-DC Converters « Core » Combiner Assembly 150kW output WR2300 Control Mux-Box

10. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.10 High Beam Availability (full performance with up to 6 failed Amplifier modules) Computed MTBF of the overall 150kW Amplifier : 20 000 Hours Computed Failure rate of Amplifier Module : less than 0,7% per year Distributed Heat Dissipation No need for High Voltage Power Supply No need for High Power Circulator at RF Output No need for Warm-up sequence Very low Phase Noise (< 0.05° RMS up to 8 kHz) Easy Maintenance : MTTR < 15 min Flexibilty to fit to different RF Output Power Reduced number of Spare Parts 150 kW Power Amplifier Advantages of the Modular SSA Architecture

11. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.11 Main RF Characteristics :  150 kW RF Power  Bandwidth : 352,2 +/- 0,5 MHz  Overall Efficiency better than 55% at nominal RF power (expected >60%)  Operation on very high mismatch at all phases conditions : - full reverse power at 150 kW during interlocking time (typ 20 usec) - full reverse power at Pnom/2 during long duration,  CW, Ramped (booster), Pulsed modes (cavity conditionning) Electrical Circuits  280 V dc +/- 20V  Power Consumption less than 300 kW Water Cooling  Less than 440 liters / mn (target 220 liters/mn)  Inlet water temperature between around 23°C 150 kW Power Amplifier for ESRF Synchrotron

12. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.12 RF Monitorings, Protections, Interlocking :  Mismatch handling (circulator)  P_fwd, P_rev at 5kW stage and at 75 kW Tower output  RF over-power detection on the LLRF input (20dBm) : fast hardware detection (< 150 nsec)  RF over-power detection on the 75 kW RF output : slow detection < 1 sec  Reverse RF protection on the 75 kW RF output in case of severe reverse power (fast detection < 10 usec)  Reverse RF protection on the 5 kW stage : slow detection < 1 sec Electrical Monitoring and Protections :  Current consumption of each Amplifier Module  ON/OF control of each Amplifier Module Thermal and Hydraulic protections :  Thermal Interlocking on each Cold Plate  Water Flow Interlocking on each Cold Plate  Internal Temperatures (2) inside each Amplifier Module 150 kW Power Amplifier for Monitoring & Protections

13. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.13 650 W Power Amplifier Module Developped by SOLEIL in tight coordination with ELTA for industrialization and process topics RF Characteristics :  Power Output : 650 W at P_1dB  Frequency : 352,2 MHz  Gain : 20, 3 dB  Efficiency : > 70 %  Gain Dispersion : +/- 0, 2 dB max  Phase Dispersion : +/- 5° max  Transistor Technology : LDMOS 6th Generation  Protected by internal circulator for severe mismatch conditions and for RF power stability versus cavity mismatch (any phases) Monitoring :  Drain Current  Temperatures of the Power Transistor Flange and of the Circulator Load

14. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.14 High Power Combiners Combiners :  Low Loss Combiners developped by SOLEIL  Severe Mismatch Handling Combining Core :  CAD by ELTA  Compact arrangement

15. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.15 Control (Mux-Box) and Pre-Driver Design of a specific Control Box (ELTA) :  Monitoring the Amplifier Modules and their associated Power Supplies  Monitoring the Cold Plate Interlockings (Temperature and Water Flow)  Control the ON/OFF of each Amplifier Modules (Power supply switch-off)  Interface with Amplifier / DC-DC Modules by I2C bus  Interface with the Supervisor : ModBus / RTU 1 Mb/sec Design of a specific Pre-Driver (ELTA) :  Amplification of the input low level signal (20 dBm) up to 2 x 15W  Internal Band Pass Filter for Time Delay purpose and RF Filtering  Internal Interlocking on RF Input level (<150 nsec) before applying the excessive input level to the Amplifier Modules  Internal Interlocking on Reverse Output level (< 10 usec)

16. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.16 Cold Plate Thermal Simulation performed on the Cold Plate  Mixed simulation : Thermal & Fluidic (takes into account turbulence)  Simulation takes into account heat flux through the dissipative component flanges and through the Amplifier package  Thermal Simulation gives :  A global thermal cartography of the Cold Plate  Flange temperatures of main dissipative components (transistor, load, circulator, DC-DC converter), in order to estimate junction temperatures

17. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.17 Distributed Power Amplifiers for Linear Accelerator  Example of 2 x 20 kW at 88 MHz based on 850 W Amplifier Module with 83 % efficiency Amplifier module with integrated circulator in order :  to insure constant RF Power level for any phase conditions  to avoid excessive stress of the transistors and associated degradation of the MTBF  to avoid extra RF level increase (with resulting efficiency loss) Versatility of the Modular SSA Architecture 65 kW - 380V_AC / 50V DC Power Supply Cold Plate Assembly RF Combiners

18. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.18 Conclusion Conclusion :  This SSA architecture permits a high level of availability of the 150 kW Power Amplifier, thanks to the large number of modules in parallel  Protections and Monitoring implemented inside the Control Box and the Pre-Driver permit safe operation and detection of failed module.  Transferring this technology at 500 MHz is straight forward : The 500 MHz amplifier module was recently validated at 700 W  Other possible applications from FM to L-Band can be envisaged.

19. This document is the property of ELTA and shall not be reproduced or communicated without its prior authorization. CWRF 2010 - 150 kW Power Amplifier JP Abadie – A. Cauhepe p.19 Thank you for your attention