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Marine Mammal Issues in the GOA: IERP considerations Kate M. Wynne UAF School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences Sea Grant Marine Advisory Program Kodiak,

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Presentation on theme: "Marine Mammal Issues in the GOA: IERP considerations Kate M. Wynne UAF School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences Sea Grant Marine Advisory Program Kodiak,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Marine Mammal Issues in the GOA: IERP considerations Kate M. Wynne UAF School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences Sea Grant Marine Advisory Program Kodiak, Alaska

2 Diverse Taxa Pinnipeds Sea Otters Whales Baleen Toothed

3 Photo by Kathy Hough Diverse Habitats

4 Diverse Foraging Strategies

5 Diverse Life Histories and Strategies K-selected Homeotherms Air-breathers HIGH energetic demands High Latitude Marine

6 Seasonal Migration and Fasting North Pacific Humpback Whales – SPLASH 2004

7 Maternal Investment variable energy storage capacity Insulation

8 b. TIMING of prey availability is CRITICAL and VARIABLE Bottomline #1 a. They are all here for the FOOD

9 Bottomline #2 b. Effects of change a. They are significant consumers throughout the GOA

10 Diverse Issues and Questions Bottomline #3 Diverse Habitats Diverse Life Histories Diverse Prey and Foraging

11 Some Recovering and/or Increasing Effects of change ?

12 Others Not Recovering and/or In Decline Many Unknown

13 Differential Population Trajectories Within species across GOA Between sympatric species

14 Changes in Reproductive Patterns Timing of harbor seal pupping Prolonged dependency of SSL pups ? Changes in Distribution Reflection of population status ? Change in prey abundance ? Temporal and spatial distribution ? Oceanographic anomolies ?

15 Kodiak Gray Whale Distribution 1999-2003 Is this an indicator of change Gray whale population? Climate? Arctic productivity? Year-round grays feeding in Kodiak

16 Why ? Different processes at play ? Diverse Habitats Diverse Life Histories Diverse Prey and Foraging

17 Mary Crivello photo

18 Top Down Predation Disease or Parasites Anthropogenic Harvest, predator control, whaling Bycatch Contaminants : long-lived lipophiles Direct effects on population structure Residual effects on trophic structure

19 Bottom Up Oceanographic / climate features and change ? Inter- or intraspecific competition ? Anything that affects prey * availability at critical times ( * Zooplankton, bivalves, cephalopods, fish…….)


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