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Published byAldous Webb Modified over 9 years ago
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The Spanish-American War
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The Causes of the War American businessmen coveted trade with Cuban sugar plantations. When Jose Marti led a revolution against Spain in Cuba, the businessmen backed him to ensure trade was maintained. What was this similar to? Newspaper publishers stretched the happenings in Cuba to attract readers– known as yellow journalism. Yellow journalism sensationalized (exaggerated) events to make Americans more sympathetic. When the U.S.S. Maine exploded, there was a rush to blame Spain, fueled by American nationalism. This was a prime example of the ‘yellow journalism’ tactics The cause was found to be an engine explosion, instead.
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Fighting During the War The Philippines and Cuba were both ruled by the Spanish. The US went after these locations in retaliation. Commodore George Dewey’s fleet attacked the Spanish by sea, while Filipino freedom fighter, Emilio Aguinaldo, led a group that employed guerilla warfare. Before openly supporting Cuba, the U.S. agreed not to annex Cuba after the war under the Teller Amendment. Theodore Roosevelt led a voluntary cavalry unit known as the Rough Riders. They were credited with the taking of the strategic location of San Juan Hill, along with African American units, a very strategic vantage point
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Effects of the War After the war, the U.S. and Spain signed the Treaty of Paris (1898). These were the stipulations: Spain would give up control of Puerto Rico, Guam and Cuba; The U.S. acquired the Philippines from Spain for $20 million America’s new role as a world power was not shared by all. The debate over the Philippines separated the U.S. into two factions: imperialists and anti-imperialists, signifying a major division amongst the American people. The treaty (as it stood) was ratified by 1 vote in the Senate. One of its greatest opponents was Henry Cabot Lodge.
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The United States and East Asia
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Filipinos Rebel Against U.S. Rule While Filipinos saw the U.S. as allies during the Spanish- American War, they soon plotted to overthrow the U.S. rule. They were led by Emilio Aguinaldo. They employed guerilla warfare tactics such as surprise raids and hit-and-run attacks, which they had also used on the Spanish. The U.S. responded by imprisoning Filipinos. In 1901, William Howard Taft became governor of the Philippines. To ease tensions, he ordered the construction of schools, roads and bridges– things to improve the country.
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The United States Pursues Interests in China European countries saw China as a place of valuable resources. They broke China into spheres of influence, or assigned areas of trade. The U.S. was not included in the assigning. Secretary of State John Hay saw a need for U.S. trade with China, so he proposed an ‘Open Door’ Policy. Under this policy, the U.S. would agree not to colonize China, but simply be able to trade with the country. The Boxer Rebellion, between the Japanese and Chinese rebels created tension in the region.
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