1. Kingdom Fungi

2. Cordyceps Fungus

3. Recall DOMAIN Eukarya KINGDOM Fungi EXAMPLE Mushroom CELL TYPE
Eukaryote 
NUMBER OF CELLS
Mostly multicellular 
CELL WALL 
MATERIAL
Chitin 
NUTRITION 
Heterotrophs 
PRIMARY MEANS OF 
REPRODUCTION
Sexual and Asexual

4. Structure of Fungi Hyphae (singular hypha) Fruiting Body
Densely packed
Hard to see individually
Nutrient transport
Fruiting Body
The part seen above ground
Reproductive structure
Mycelia (singular mycelium)
Branching network
Majority of the organism
Live in soil and on other nutritious substances like living, dying, or dead wood and animal bodies

5. Fungal Nutrition
Fungi carry out external digestion - they secrete enzymes that break down food before it enters the cells
Important decomposers in an environment
Nutrients are then absorbed through the cell membrane
There are 4 ways fungi obtain nutrients:

6. Fungal Reproduction Asexual Mitosis Spore production
Budding: small cell develops attached to the parent;     eventually gets pinched off and forms new individual
Fragmentation: piece of mycelium breaks off and forms a new individual
Sexual
Conjugation
Advantage of being able to reproduce sexually and asexually…
Asexual reproduction In good environment
Sexual reproduction in times of stress (ensures variation)

7. Dispersal of Spores

8. Fungal Classification
Fungi are classified into 5 groups based on how they reproduce and the structure of the fruiting body they produce:
1. Fungi Imperfecti
Diverse group of fungi that reproduce asexually
Examples:
Penicillium mould (greenish mould that forms on fruit; used to make the antibiotic penicillin)
Fungi used to make certain blue cheeses

9. 2. Chytrids
Mostly unicellular
Mostly aquatic – their spores have flagella
Example: Synchytrium endobioticum (lives in wet soil and causes potato wart)

10. 3. Zygospore Fungi
Mostly multicellular
Mostly terrestrial
Can reproduce sexually or asexually
Common moulds, like those that form on food
Example: Rhizopus bread mould

11. 4. Sac Fungi
Largest group of fungi
Some develop small finger-like sacs called asci during sexual reproduction
Group also includes single-celled yeasts, that reproduce asexually by budding (pinching off)

12. 5. Club Fungi
Includes all mushrooms
The mushroom that we eat are actually the fruiting bodies of these fungi (the part that releases spores for reproduction)

13. Fungi and Human Health

14. Fungi and Human Health Hallucinogens
Some mushrooms contain chemicals that trigger hallucinations if eaten. These "magic mushrooms" are often related to species that are deadly if eaten, and often contain small amounts of poison in them as well!

15. Homework
Read pages #19, (page107)
#1, 6, 7 (page 110)