2. CHAPTER 10 THE CELL CYCLE http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/activities/cell_cycle/graphics/cell_cycle_animation.gif

3. CELL GROWTH A LIVING THING GROWS BECAUSE IT PRODUCES MORE AND MORE CELLS http://student.ccbcmd.edu/courses/bio141/lecguide/unit6/genetics/DNA/DNArep/images/interphase1_pc.jpg

4. CELL GROWTH SURFACE AREA OF A CELL DETERMINES HOW LARGE IT CAN GROW

5. –Surface area is critical for passage of food, oxygen, and water entering and leaving the cell

6. *** to solve the problem of getting too large, the CELL DIVIDES http://www.mesoblast.com/images/images-mesoblast_cell_division_still.jpg

7. RATES OF CELL GROWTH CELLS CAN GROW AT ASTONISHING RATES UNDER IDEAL CONDITIONS, BUT REAL CONDITIONS ARE FAR FROM IDEAL

8. CONTROLS ON CELL GROWTH Depends on function http://biounder.kaist.ac.kr/~shy821 /images/skin2stem_630x.jpg

9. Depends on food, crowding, conditions in surrounding area.

10. If injury occurs (cells will grow rapidly at the site) http://www.burn-recovery.org/images/burn-classification.jpg

11. Consequences of uncontrolled cell growth are severe. http://www.upmccancercenters.com/images/prostate/image7_sm.gif

12. Cancer cells have lost their ability to control their growth rate. Breast cancer cells http://ashoutinthestreet.files.wordpress.co m/2009/06/breastcancercells.jpg

13. Definitions

14. CELL DIVISION - The process whereby the cell divides into 2 daughter cells http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_7XmD8w1y TeY/R4Cy_XjDNjI/AAAAAAAAABk/P7 fx2NiM-zM/s320/cytokin.gif

15. MITOSIS – process by which the nucleus of a cell is divided into 2 nuclei; occurs in somatic (body) cells; produces diploid cells

16. Diploid vs. Haploid n Diploid – a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes (two sets); represented by the symbol 2N –Found in somatic or body cells (ex. Skin, digestive tract) –Example : Humans – 2N = 46 n Haploid – a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes (one set); represented by the symbol N or 1N –Found in gametes or sex cells – sperm & egg –Example: Humans – N = 23

17. CHROMOSOMES – Structures in the cell that contain the genetic information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next http://www.stanford.edu/group/pandegroup/folding/education/GAH/chromosomes.jpg

18. CHROMATIN – The material of which chromosomes are made http://www.all-science-fair- projects.com/science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/upl oad/7/79/Chromatin_chromosome.png

19. CHROMOSOMES THE CELLS OF EVERY ORGANISM CONTAIN A SPECIFIC NUMBER OF CHROMOSO MES http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_7XmD8w1yTeY/R4Cm2HjDNZI/AAAAAAAAAAU/1vRUnLLuwFg/s320/chromosome_chromatid_split.jpg

20. HUMANS HAVE 23 PAIR OR 46 CHROMOSOMES http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/file.php/2355/M150 _2_014i.jpg

21. THE CELL CYCLE Interphase -- > MADE UP OF 3 PARTS – preparing to divide

22. Mitosis --> MADE UP OF 4 PARTS - the division of the nucleus http://www.sciencecentric.com/images/news/mit osis_300_364.jpg

23. Cytokinesis --> MADE UP OF 1 PART division of the cytoplasm http://www.biologyreference.com/images/biol_01_img0100.jpg

24. INTERPHASE A. GAP 1 (G 1 ) Cellular growth and development takes place

25. B.DNA SYNTHESIS (S) DNA is replicated

26. C. GAP 2 (G 2 ) Synthesis of Organelles

27. PHASES OF MITOSIS

28. A. PROPHASE –C–Centrioles separate from each other and move to the poles

29. –Nuclear Envelope breaks down and Nucleolus disappears

30. –CHROMATIN COILS UP AND BECOMES VISIBLE AS CHROMOSOMES

31. –Chromosomes become attached to the Spindle Fibers at the centromere

32. B. METAPHASE Chromosomes line up across the equator (middle) of the cell CENTRIOL ES SPINDL E FIBERS CHROMOS OMES

33. C. ANAPHASE CENTROMERES SPLIT CAUSING THE CENTER CHROMATIDS TO SEPARATE, BECOMING INDIVIDUAL CHROMOSOMES Continue to move in 2 groups near the poles

34. D. TELOPHASE Opposite of Prophase –Chromosome s uncoil into a tangle of chromatin

35. Nuclear Envelope reforms around chromati n Nucleolu s becomes visible again

36. CYTOKINESIS Division of the cytoplas m into the 2 daughter cells

37. SHORTCUT TO REMEMBER THE CELL CYCLE I nterphase P rophase M etaphase A naphase T elophase C ytokinesis I Passed Math At Tom Clark

38. Animation of Mitosis n http://www.loci.wisc.edu/outreach/biocli ps/CDBio.html http://www.loci.wisc.edu/outreach/biocli ps/CDBio.html n http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlN7 K1-9QB0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlN7 K1-9QB0