1. The Lymphatic & Immune Systems [Latin: lymph = water ; immune = safe]
Medical Terminology

2. Structures of the Lymphatic System
Intercellular/ interstitial
Lymph vessels
Have valves (like veins)
Thoracic duct
lacteals
Lymph nodes
Cervical nodes
Axillary nodes
Inguinal nodes
Afferent & efferent
Store lymphocytes
Filters (biological)
Tonsils
Adenoids (nasopharyngeal)
Palatine
Lingual
Appendix
Peyer’s Patches
These in ileum
Spleen
Thymus
Note 75% / 25% drainage pattern

3. Functions of the Lymphatic System
Returns interstitial (intercellular) fluid to heart
Absorbs fat from the G-I tract & transports them into the circulation via lacteals
The immune system is part of the lymphatic system; deals with body’s defense

4. Cells of the Lymphatic System
Lymphocytes (will discuss later)
B lymphocytes
T lymphocytes
Macrophages (big eaters)

5. Spleen Storage site for : Filters blood & lymph Lymphocytes
Macrophages
RBC’s
Platelets
Filters blood & lymph

6. Related Pathology of the Lymphatic System
Lymphadenitis
Lymphadenopathy
Lymphangioma
Lymphedema
Lymphangiogram
Lymphoma
Splenomegaly (note one “e”)
Splenorrhagia

7. The Immune System Divided into Non-specific & Specific mechanisms
Non-specific first lines of defense
Skin
Respiratory mucosa & cilia
G-I mucosa
Non-specific generalized defense
Inflammatory response
Specific immune mechanism of defense
The Immune Response

8. Immune cells B lymphocytes (humoral [fluid] immunity)
Plasma cells (make antibodies)
Memory cells
T lymphocytes (cellular immunity)
Killer T cells (cytotoxic)
Helper T cells (“the sentinels”)

9. Antigen - Antibody Reactions
Types of immunity
Natural Immunity
Active
Passive
Artificial Immunity
Antigen - Antibody Reactions
Antigens = “the invader”
Antibody = “ the defense”
The antibody combines with the antigen & inactivates (destroys) it
Humans only make the antibody when exposed to the antigen
Active immunity ---- you make the antibody
Passive immunity --- you are artificially given the antibody

10. Pathology of the Immune System
Underactive immune system
Immunodeficiency
AIDS
ELISA test
Western Blot
Planned immunosuppression
Overactive immune system
Mild = allergy
Regular
Delayed response
Severe = anaphylaxis
Out of control immune system = autoimmune disease