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Published byClyde Jennings Modified over 9 years ago
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Circulatory system disorders Arteriosclerosis - describes various disorders in which walls of the arteries thicken and become harder - common type is artheriosclerosis in which plaque (fatty deposits, calcium, etc.) builds up - can cause blood clots, heart attack, stroke (when plaque ruptures)
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Artheriosclerosis – what to do? - - Prevent the formation of clots (e.g. aspirin) - - angioplasty- tube in clogged artery - - coronary bypass – healthy artery replaced clogged one (or several)
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Aneurysm - a weakened area in an arterial wall - environmental and genetic causes - a burst aneurysm leads to internal bleeding, often death Treated by removal and grafting a ‘patch’ of synthetic material
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Arrythmia - problem with the speed or rhythn of the heartbeat -can lead to insufficient blood supply to brain or other organs Treated with medication or implanting an artificial pacemaker that transmits an electrical impulse when heartbeat is abnormal
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Disorders of the blood Hemophilia – insufficient or missing clotting proteins (Factor VIII) in the blood - - inherited, life-threatening - - can be treated with injections of Factor VIII
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Anemia – blood contains fewer than normal healthy red blood cells - - Caused by blood loss or red blood cells that don’t contain enough hemoglobin - - usually mild (fatigue, headaches, cold hands and feet, etc.) - - if chronic – could be deadly
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Leukemia – cancer of WBC or leukocytes - Two types (myeloid (too many leukocytes) and lymphatic (cancer of lymphocytes) - -can be sudden and quick death - -treated by blood transfusions, bone marrow transplant and chemotherapy
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Lymphatic System
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The Lymphatic system A complex network of organs that work to rid the body of infection Lymph, a transparent fluid that contains white blood cells (leukocytes), circulates through us It filters out and engulfs foreign bodies (ex. bacteria, viruses) Macrophages: white blood cells that seek and destroy foreign cells
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Components of the lymphatic system Bone marrow – all type of blood cells are manufactured here Spleen – just below the diaphragm; a reservoir for blood and filters lymph Thymus gland – in front of the trachea; where lymphocytes mature
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