2. Matter Substance Mixture

3. Substance ElementCompound If all atoms are the same Two or more elements chemically combined together. Ex: H 2 O, NaCl Cannot be broken down further and still retain the same properties

4. the substances in the mixture are not evenly mixed the substances are in the same amount in all parts of the mixture also known as solutions Mixture Homogenous Heterogenous Tea, perfumeSalad dressings, potting soil Two or more substances that can be separated by physical means. Not Chemically combined

5. A solution is made up of two parts— a s ss solute and a s ss solvent. A solute is the substance being dissolved, while a solvent is the substance doing the dissolving. For example, in a saltwater solution, salt is the solute and water is the solvent. The ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance is called s ss solubility. 5

6. Colloids and Suspensions Colloid Mixture that never settles. Jello Tyndall Effect- light scatters when it goes through a colloid Suspension Mixtures that settle out. EX: Muddy River Water

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8. Chemical Properties The property that describes how a substance can change to form new substances is called a chemical property. AAAAbility to Burn AAAAbility to Corrode AAAAbility to Support Burning RRRReactivity with Chemicals RRRReactivity with Light 7

9. Physical Properties Physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance Color, shape, and odor are properties that can be observed using your senses. Other physical properties, like mass, weight, volume, density, and conductivity can be measured. • Boiling Point • Color • Conductivity • Density • Malleability • Mass • Melting Point • Odor • Shape • State of Matter • Weight

11. Chemical Changes In a chemical change, one or more substances combine or break down to form new substances. Sometimes energy in the form of heat, light, or electricity is given off. You may see bubbles and there may be a color change. In some chemical changes, energy is required for the chemical change to take place. • Combustion • Corrosion • Electrolysis • Fermentation • Metabolism • Photosynthesis

12. AA physical change alters the form of a substance, but not the composition of the substance AAny change in the state of matter is a physical change Physical Changes Boiling Condensation Dissolving Evaporation Freezing Melting Sublimation

13. Is the Change Permanent? To help you remember the difference between physical change and chemical change, ask yourself this question, “Can I get the original substances back after the change?” If so, it is a physical change. If not, it is changed forever and is a chemical change.