1. Genetic technology 13.1 Applied Genetics

2. Genetic Technology  What are some desired traits that we might want to select for in these foods?

3. Applied Genetics  For thousands of years humans have bred plants and animals for desired traits

4. Selective Breeding  Selective breeding takes several generations

5. Selective Breeding  Selective breeding produces organisms with desired traits Example, milk cows 1947 – 5000 lbs milk 2009 – 20000 lbs milk

6. Selective Breeding  Inbreeding – mating closely related individuals Used to make desired trait more common Used to make desired trait more common

7. Selective Breeding  Hybrids are usually bigger and better Plants that are disease resistant can be crossed with plants that produce larger fruit Plants that are disease resistant can be crossed with plants that produce larger fruit

8. Determining Genotypes  When breeding for a trait, you need to know the genotype  Do a test cross = breed individual of unknown genotype with a known genotype

9. Determining Genotypes  To figure out if you have homozygous dominant or heterozygous, breed with homozygous recessive