1. Cartographic Rules For All Maps.
PARTS OF A MAP
Cartographic Rules
For All Maps.

2. PARTS OF A MAP All maps must include these parts 1. TITLE 2. SCALE
3. DIRECTION
4. BORDER, MARGIN, OR FRAME
5. LEGEND

3. MAP TITLE The TITLE should be within the MAP FRAME or BORDER
The TITLE should be at the TOP of the map when possible
The TITLE should NOT block out ANY of the map’s information
TITLE information should try to include, Where, What, and When

4. SCALE
A MAP SCALE is a way of reducing, or shortening actual distance on the earth’s surface so that it fits on the map – It is a ratio between the distance on the map and the distance in real life.

5. SCALE Types Of Scales: 1. Direct Statement eg:1CM Equals (=) 1KM
2. Linear Scale
3. Representative Fraction eg: 1:
1:1 is real life, 1:200 is a large scale because it shows a lot of earth’s detail.

6. DIRECTION All maps should have a DIRECTION ARROW
North should ALWAYS be at the TOP of the paper
A COMPASS ROSE should have a minimum of 4 points and a maximum of 16

7. BORDER OR FRAME
All maps MUST have two BORDERS or FRAMES. – One should be around the map (Map border) and one should be enclose the map, legend, direction, title and scale (Frame border).
The border must be of EQUAL PROPORTIONS in other words a square or a rectangle.
All titles, legend, and any labeling must be WITHIN the frame border

9. LEGEND All maps should have a LEGEND
The legend must be within a border in a place on a map that DOES NOT block other information or labels
The direction and scale CAN be in the legend box
The Legend should reflect the units that the map is trying to display.

10. LETTERING Guidelines for better lettering on maps:
Lettering should be parallel to base of map where possible.
River names can curve to follow the river course.
Lettering for similar features such as cities, should be the same size.
Larger features usually have larger letters.
Lettering should clearly indicate the feature to which it refers.
Large letters should not blot out other map information.
Words should not cross one another.
The size of the lettering depends on the amount of information needed for the map.

11. THE END!