1. England’s 1 st Colonies (Queen Elizabeth) I. Ireland 1. Protestant (Anglican) Britain’s fear 1. Protestant (Anglican) Britain’s fear a. Catholic Ireland may unite with Spain a. Catholic Ireland may unite with Spain b. Britain brutally conquers Ireland b. Britain brutally conquers Ireland -savage murder of many Irish Catholics -savage murder of many Irish Catholics

2. II. Central America 1. Compete with Spain a. Trans-Atlantic slave trade -“free labor”=brutal treatment b. Cultivate tropical goods -sugar, tobacco, bananas c. Millions of $ profit for Britain

3. III. Sir Walter Raleigh 1. Roanoke Enterprise a. Survey land for potential profits b. Sets the stage for large-scale British colonization c. Spain outraged d. Sir Walter & crew mysteriously disappeared -Natives, Spaniards or environment?

4. IV. Jamestown (1607) – John Smith 1. The Virginia Company a. Conflict with Algonquin Tribe -Pocahontas’ Peace Treaty b. Vast Tobacco cultivation -need more land -conflict with natives -need more labor -demand for slaves V. Maryland 1. British and Irish Catholic Refuge a. Escape persecution in U.K. b. Cultivate tobacco

5. VI. Spain’s Reaction to British Colonies 1. Spanish King Philip II a. Non-Catholics not welcome to “New World” b. Declare war on Britain SPAIN V. BRITAIN I I Catholic V. Protestant c. Storm destroys Spanish Fleet -Britain claimed “Divine Intervention” -“New World” open to Britain