1. Chapter 3 Lesson 1 Rocks and Weathering

2. Benchmarks:
SC.6.N.3.4- Identify the role of models in the context of the benchmarks.
SC.6.E.6.1- Describe and give examples of ways in which Earth’s surface is built up and torn down by weathering, erosion, and deposition.

3. Vocabulary Weathering Erosion Sediment Deposition Physical weathering
Chemical weathering
Abrasion
Frost wedging
Oxidation
Permeable

4. Processes that Wear down and Build up Earth’s Surface
Natural processes break down rocks and carry pieces away.
Weathering- the process that breaks down rock and other substances.
Once rock is broken down, the smaller pieces can be carried away by wind, water, ice, or gravity.

5. Weathering and Erosion Study Jams
Erosion- the process by which bits of broken rock are carried away.
Erosion moves sediment- small pieces of rock , soil, remains of plant or remains of animals.
Deposition- occurs where the sediment is laid down, or deposited. Final place where sediment is moved.
Weathering and Erosion Study Jams

6. Weathering and Erosion Cycle

7. Weathering, Erosion, & Deposition
WEATHERING, EROSION, AND DEPOSITION act together in a cycle that wears down and builds up Earth’s surface.
Weathering- breaks down the Earth and Erosion and Deposition build up the Earth’s surface.
The cycle is never ending.

8. Two types of Weathering: Physical and Chemical
Physical Weathering- rock is physically broken into smaller pieces.
Animal Actions
Freezing and Thawing
Plant Growth
Release Pressure
Abrasion
Chemical Weathering- process that breaks down rock through chemical changes.
1- Water
2- oxygen
3- carbon dioxide
4-living organisms
5- acid rain

9. 5 agents of Physical Weathering

10. 5 Agents of Chemical Weathering
Water: can weather rocks by dissolving & changing the make up.
O2: mixes with water to make rust. This gives some rocks a rust colored look.
CO2: with water makes an acid that eats away at limestone. Can cause sinkholes!!!
Living organisms: plants’ roots produce a weak acid.
Acid rain: from pollution in atm mixes in water cycle & produces a strong acid.

11. How fast does weathering occur?
2 factors determine how fast weathering occurs…
1. Type of Rock- if rocks are made of materials that dissolve easily will weather faster. If rocks are permeable, full of tiny holes where water can seep into it, they will also weather faster.
2. Climate- Physical and chemical weathering occur faster in wet and hot climates.

12. Chapter 3 Lesson 1 Review

13. Chapter 3 Lesson 3 Mass Movement
What are the different types of mass movements?
Weathering, Erosion and Deposition- tear down and build up the Earth.
Once cracks in rock from, the rock has a tendency to fall apart…
What makes the land/rock fall apart?
GRAVITY

14. What is Gravity?
Gravity is the force that pulls everything toward the center of the Earth.
It pulls rock down slopes, it can cause sections of rock to fall off cliffs, it can also cause movement of large amounts of sediment.

15. Mass Movement
Is any one of several processes that move large amounts of sediment downhill.
There are 4 types of mass movements:
1- Landslides
2-Mudflows
3- Slumps
4- Creep

16. Landslides: Landslides occur when rock
and soil slide quickly down a steep slope. They contain a small amount of rock or soil.

17. Mudflows
Mudflows- is the rapid downhill movement of a mixture of water, rock, and soil. They often occur after heavy rains in normally dry areas.

18. Slumps
Slumps are masses of rock and soil that suddenly slips down a slope. The mass moves down in one whole piece. They occur in soil high in clay.

19. Creep
Creep- a very slow downhill movement of rock and soil. It can occur on gently slopes as well. Creep are usually caused be freezing and thawing.

20. Match the diagram with the mass movement
1- Landslides
2-Mudflows
3- Slumps
4- Creep

21. Mass Movement Review