1. Chapter 1: Themes in the Study of Life

2. Unifying themes 1) Hierarchy of organization -
atoms molecules organelles cells
tissues organs organ systems organism population communities ecosystem

5. Emergent properties of each level –
each has different properties than the previous level

6. Life resists a simple, one-sentence definition, yet we can recognize life by what living things do.
Fig. 1.3
Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

7. c. growth and development directed by genetic code
Characteristics of living things:
a. reproduce
b. ordered
c. growth and development
directed by genetic code
d. energy utilization
e. response to environment
f. homeostasis
g. evolutionary adaptation

8. 3) Cellular basis – 2 types of cells: Prokaryotic (bacteria)
Eukaryotic
(all others)

9. Correlation of structure and function –
form follows function

10. This structure-function relationship is clear in the aerodynamic efficiency in the shape of bird wing.
A honeycombed internal structure produces light but strong bones.
The flight muscles are controlled by neurons that transmit signals between the wings and brain.
Ample mitochondria provide the energy to power flight.
Fig. 1.6
Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

11. Interactions of organisms with their environment –
biotic
abiotic

12. Unity in diversity – Taxonomy helps manage great diversity
share universal
genetic code
and cell structure
similarities

13. Evolution – Life on Earth has common ancestry (3 bya bacteria)
Darwin’s idea of descent by natural selection

14. Science as a way of knowing–
Questioning with expectations,
hypothesizing, deductive reasoning, scientific method

15. Steps of the scientific method:
Observe/State Problem
2. Form Hypothesis
3. Test Hypothesis
4. Record and Analyze Data
5. Draw Conclusion
6. Repeat Experiment