1. German pressure on the Celts c. 50 BCE

2. 12 BCE – N. German Campaign.
7 BCE – Triumph in Rome.
4 CE – return of Tiberius.
6 CE – Rebellion in Pannonia
7 CE – Varus becomes governor.
Drusus Maior
Tiberius

4. Coin of Drusus the Elder commemorating victory in Germany in 15 BCE

5. 15 BCE from mint of Lyons On the reverse Tiberius and Drusus hand Augustus symbols of victory (laurel branches) after successful Alpine campaign of 16/15 BCE; toga-clad Augustus sits on the sella curulis. Berlin, Pergamon Museum.

7. Publius Quinctilius Varus
Born 47/46 BCE
22-19 BCE with Augustus in the East.
13 BCE Consul with Tiberius
8 BCE governor of Africa
7-4 BCE Legate in Syria, Crushes Jewish rebellion. Romans plunder the Temple, Jewish rebels crucified.
7 CE legate for Gaul, with Rhine command.
Provincial Issue Coin of Achulla (Africa)
with portrait of Varus.

8. Cherusci: the tribe of Arminius

9. Finding the Site of the Varus Ambush: 700 proposals since 1505.

11. The Kalkreiser-Nieweder Depression
Hoard of 162 denarii found
at Lutterkrug in 1987.

13. Kalkriese site

14. Modern reconstruction of the site

16. Cavalry man’s mask from the site

19. Human remains from the site

20. To Marcus Caelius, son of Titus, of the Lemonian district, from Bologna, first centurion of the eighteenth legion. 53½ years old. He fell in the Varian War. His bones may be interred here. Publius Caelius, son of Titus,  of the Lemonian district, his brother, erected [this monument].
(Tombstone from Castra Vetera, now in Bonn)