1. CLASSIFICATION VOCAB Chapter 18

2. Bacteria that “like” living in HOT environments like volcano vents thermophiles Group or level of organization into which organisms are classified TAXON

3. Bacteria that “like” living in very SALTY environments halophiles Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name Binomial nomenclature

4. The evolutionary history of an organism phylogeny Diagram that shows evolutionary relationship based comparing derived characters cladogram

5. Characteristics that appear in recent parts of a lineage but not in its older members Derived characters The science of classifying organisms and assigning each organism a unique universally accepted scientific name taxonomy

6. Large taxonomic group made up of closely related phyla; top level in Linnaeus’s classification hierarchy Kingdom Method of grouping organisms together according to their evolutionary history Evolutionary classification

7. Group of closely related classes Phylum (pl. phyla) Model that uses DNA comparisons to estimate the length of time that two species have been evolving independently Molecular clock

8. Group of similar orders CLASS Most inclusive taxonomic category based on ribosomal RNA; larger than a kingdom DOMAIN

9. Group of similar families ORDER Swedish botanist who came up with a classification system that groups organisms in a 7 level hierarchy and gives each a 2 part scientific name Carolus Linnaeus

10. Group of genera that share many characteristics FAMILY Greek philosopher and teacher that came up with the first classification system that separated organisms into 2 groups … plants or animals Aristotle

11. The first part of a 2 part scientific name genus Polysaccharide molecule used in plant cell walls to make them sturdy cellulose

12. The second part of a two part scientific name Species identifier Hereditary information found in all living things DNA

13. Kingdom that includes all prokaryotes with peptidoglycan in their cell walls Eubacteria Kingdom that includes all multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs with no cell walls or chloroplasts Animalia

14. Kingdom with includes heterotrophic eukaryotes with chitin in their cell walls Fungi Kingdom that includes multicellular eukaryotes that have chloroplasts for photosynthesis and have cell walls made of cellulose Plantae

15. Kingdom that includes prokaryotes without peptidoglycan in their cell walls Archaebacteria Kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi; Some have cell walls made of cellulose and chloroplasts Protista

16. a series of paired statements that describe characteristics of different organisms that can be used to classify and identify living things. Dichotomous key Bacteria that “like” living in very HOT environments thermophiles

17. Molecule found in the cell walls of Fungi chitin One of original 5 kingdoms that was Split to make two bacterial kingdoms MONERA