1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases

2. Recently:
9 million new cases of STIs occur to people ages in the US every year.
Centers for Disease Control reports that 1 in 4 girls between the ages of years old are infected with a STD in the United States.

3. What is a STD?
A bacterial, viral, or parasitic infection that is transferred PRIMARILY through vaginal, oral, or anal sex.

4. Some STDs can be transmitted through close, intimate skin contact, from a pregnant mother to her fetus, or through direct blood to blood contact.

5. What about…
NO, toilet seats do not transmit STDs

6. Kissing…
Generally NO

7. Mosquitoes… NO

8. Chlamydia Gonorrhea Trichomonas HIV/AIDS
Infections transmitted during sex by the semen and vaginal secretions of an infected person…
Chlamydia
Gonorrhea
Trichomonas
HIV/AIDS
There are around 25 sexually transmitted infections that have been identified.
These 5 are the very common.
Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and Syphilis can be cured
Herpes and HPV can be treated, but not cured.
STDs are transmitted primarily through vaginal, anal, and oral sex. Some STDs can be transmitted through intimate skin-to-skin contact.

9. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Infections transmitted from an infected person’s skin to another during intimate contact
Syphilis
Pubic Lice (Crabs)
Genital Herpes
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Genital Warts

10. Who Is At Risk?
Anyone who is or has been sexually active…
Sexually active people between the ages of years old have the most cases of STDs

11. A person who has had many sex partners
Who Is At Risk?
A person who has had many sex partners
A person who has had sex under the influence of alcohol or drugs

12. Possible Symptoms of STDs
For BOTH Men and Women
Painful or burning urination
Blisters or sores on or around genitals
Warts or unusual growths on or around genitals
Often, STDs have NO
symptoms at all!

13. Possible Symptoms of STDs
For Men
White or yellow-green discharge from penis
Remember, many people have no signs or symptoms when they are infected!
For Women
Abnormal discharge or fluid from vagina
Bleeding between periods
Pelvic area cramps

14. Common STDs: What Do They Look Like?
Remember, a person can have a STD without showing any signs or symptoms.
A STD can be transmitted even if the infected person does not have any signs or does not know he or she is infected.

15. Gonorrhea bacteria under a microscope
Gonorrhea might cause burning while urinating, diarrhea, odd-colored discharge from penis or vagina…
Source: CDC/ NCHSTP/ Division of STD Prevention, STD Clinical Slides

16. Trichomonas
“Trich” is a very common infection that is caused by a protozoa.
It is spread through the infected person’s sexual body fluids.
It can be cured with a prescription medication.
It causes an itchy, smelly infection in the infected woman’s vagina, but men usually do not have symptoms.

17. Pubic Lice (crabs) under a microscope
Crabs might cause itching and burning around the pubic hair areas
Source: CDC/ NCHSTP/ Division of STD Prevention, STD Clinical Slides

18. Syphilis
Syphilis is caused by bacteria and can cause chancre sores on the body.
The sores will go away without treatment, but if not treated, the infection remains in the body and cause severe health problems over time.
All STDs can be transmitted through oral/genital contact.
Source: CDC/ NCHSTP/ Division of STD Prevention, STD Clinical Slides

19. Genital Herpes There are two common kinds of herpes simplex viruses.
Herpes simplex I is also called a cold sore, or a fever blister
Herpes simplex II is Genital Herpes
Symptoms will usually appear within 2-12 days

20. 1 in 5 suffer from genital herpes.
Over 45 million Americans or
1 in 5 suffer from genital herpes.
Being infected with genital herpes makes both men and women three to five times more likely to contract HIV than non-infected individuals.

21. High-risk HPV
HPV infection, if not found and treated early, can lead to cancer of the cervix in women.
Most cervical cancers are caused by HPV.
HPV can also cause cancer of the penis and anus.
There is a vaccine available for girls that can help prevent some types of HPV infection

22. Genital Warts
HPV
There are high risk and low risk types of human papilloma virus (HPV). Genital warts are a low-risk type of HPV, which means they do not turn into cancer.
These warts are typical, however they did not occur overnight. Warts tend to grow and spread when left untreated, although some go away without treatment.
Source: Cincinnati STD/HIV Prevention Training Center

23. Testing and Treatment
Sexually active people should be tested in a clinic, by a health care provider, for common STDs on a regular basis.
Clinical tests are simple, sometimes low-cost, and are effective in determining whether or not an infection is present.
Treatment is available for all STDs, although not all STDs can be cured.

24. Potential Complications of STDs
Chlamydia, the most common bacterial STD in the United States, can lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and infertility in women if left untreated.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

25. Potential Complications of STDs
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea can lead to swollen, painful testicles in men.

26. Prevent STDs!
Abstain from sexual activity and intercourse…this is the most effective way to stay uninfected!
Have only one uninfected sexual partner (who only has you!)
Use latex condoms to help reduce the risk of STDs.

27. Are you a Sexpert?
What would you do if a friend of yours told you that he thought he might have a STD?
Which STDs can be cured? Which can not?
Who should worry the most about STDs?
What are the complications that STDs can cause?
What is the most effective way to prevent STDs?

28. Learning More…
To find out more about STDs contact your doctor or local health clinic.
Many state and county health departments sponsor free or low-cost clinics.
CDC National AIDS Hotline AIDS
CDC National STD Hotline