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第十五章 镇静催眠药 蚌埠医学院药学系 药理教研室 Chapter 14 Sedative-hypnotics.

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Presentation on theme: "第十五章 镇静催眠药 蚌埠医学院药学系 药理教研室 Chapter 14 Sedative-hypnotics."— Presentation transcript:

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2 第十五章 镇静催眠药 蚌埠医学院药学系 药理教研室

3 Chapter 14 Sedative-hypnotics

4 §1 Introduction [define] sedatives-hypnotics : 1 、 depression of C NS 2 、 m oderate excitement ; 3 、 resemble nature sleep

5 awake SWS NREM FWS ( REM ) 80-120min 20-30min 3-5 次 一、 phase of sleep

6 Classification of insomnia : 1) drop asleep trouble 2) repeatedly sleep and awake 3) early awake

7 3 、 Action of hypnotics: 1 ) The latency of sleep onset is decreased. 2) The duration of slee is prolonged

8 二. Sedative-hypnotics [ classification ] ㈠ b enzodiazepines ㈡ b arbiturates ㈢ o ther

9 §2 b enzodiazepines,BZ [ classification ] 苯二氮卓 ① long-acting anxiolytics : diazepam ,(地西泮 、安定) flurazepam (氟西泮、氟安定)

10 ② Intermediate-acting anxiolytics : chlordiazepoxide ,(氯氮卓) oxazepam (奥沙西泮) ③ Short-acting anxiolytics : triazolam (三唑仑)

11 [actions and uses] 1. Antianxiety 抗焦虑 : 1 ) selectivity highly , 2 ) use : anxiety , 2 、 Sedation 、 hypnosis 1 ) REM is shortened , but small. 2 ) use : insomnia

12 3 、 Anticonvulsant ( 抗惊厥 ) (tetanus) 破伤风、 eclampsia ( 子痫 ) 、 convulsion induced by drug toxication antiepileptic effects ( 抗癫痫 ) 4 、 Skeletal muscle relaxant ( 中枢肌松作用)

13 Mechanism of action

14 [ pharmacokinetics ] 1 、 po --absorption well , im --absorption slow 、 abnormity ; 2 、 distribution wide , bound highly to plasma albumin ; 3 、 biotransformation : liver , 4 、 highly lipid-soluble

15 [adverse reactions] 1 、 therapy dose :㈠ CNS 2 、 excessive dose : acute toxication 3 、 long time use : tolerance 、 addiction

16 【 contraindication 】 : 1 ) pregnant woman 、 2 ) lactation woman , 3 ) liver function .

17 §3 b arbiturates character : dose-effect r elationship : 1 ) small dose-- Sedation 、 2 ) middling dose – hypnosis ; 3 ) large dose --Anticonvulsant 。

18 §4 o ther chloral hydrate 水合氯醛 character 1 、 po : absorption fast , action longtime ; 2 、 REM is not shortened , 3 、 local stimulate ,

19 question Please describe pharmacological action And clinic use of diazepam.


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