1. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev1 Internal Cladding Systems in Buildings

2. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev2 Needfor Internal Claddings

3. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev3 Old Buildings – Structure Stone masonry Stone masonry Brick Masonry Brick Masonry Wooden Wooden

4. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev4 Old Buildings – Roofs and Floors Red Sand Stone Roofs Red Sand Stone Roofs Reinforced Brick Roofs Reinforced Brick Roofs Reinforced Brick Floors Reinforced Brick Floors

5. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev5 Old Buildings – Roofs and Floors Red Sand Stone Roofs Red Sand Stone Roofs Reinforced Brick Roofs Reinforced Brick Roofs Reinforced Brick Floors Reinforced Brick Floors Supported on : wooden karries / MS girders / T-Sections.

6. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev6 Old Buildings - Services Wiring for lighting fixtures Wiring for lighting fixtures Wiring for Fans Wiring for Fans Wiring for Heaters Wiring for Heaters Water supply lines Water supply lines Sewerage and Drainage pipes Sewerage and Drainage pipes

7. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev7 Electrical Services in Old Buildings Wiring provided on wooden battens Wiring provided on wooden battens Wiring in covered wooden battens Wiring in covered wooden battens Wiring in M.S. Conduits Wiring in M.S. Conduits

8. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev8 Plumbing Services in Buildings Exposed piping for : Water supply Water supply Sewerage Sewerage Drainage Drainage

9. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev9 Wooden Batten Wiring

10. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev10 Evolution of Services in Buildings Stone, Masonry and Wooden Structures with exposed services such as electrical wiring, water supply sewerage and drainage pipes. Stone, Masonry and Wooden Structures with exposed services such as electrical wiring, water supply sewerage and drainage pipes.

11. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev11 Evolution of Services in Buildings Evolution of Services in Buildings  Need for cooling, heating, and communication systems led to provision of wiring for electrical power and telephone lines.

12. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev12 Evolution of Services in Buildings Evolution of Services in Buildings Requirement of TV systems brought in wiring for connection of TV to the Antenna. Requirement of TV systems brought in wiring for connection of TV to the Antenna. Requirement of Power for Home appliances such as, Refrigerator, Ovens, and Heaters etc. needed separate power circuits Requirement of Power for Home appliances such as, Refrigerator, Ovens, and Heaters etc. needed separate power circuits

13. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev13 Evolution of Services in Buildings Centralized Air Conditioning required cold air ducts, chilled water lines and return air paths Centralized Air Conditioning required cold air ducts, chilled water lines and return air paths

14. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev14 Evolution of Services in Buildings Multi storeyed buildings were mandated to have fire protection systems which comprised of : Wet Risers, Wet Risers, Sprinkler piping, Sprinkler piping, Fire Detection and Alarm System Fire Detection and Alarm System

15. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev15 Evolution of Services in Buildings Large office and commercial buildings necessitated public address system in work areas and other public areas Large office and commercial buildings necessitated public address system in work areas and other public areas

16. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev16 Evolution of Services in Buildings With the advent of information technology, computer networking systems also required complex wiring systems within the building. With the advent of information technology, computer networking systems also required complex wiring systems within the building.

17. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev17 Evolution of Services in Buildings High rise buildings require complex water supply sewerage and drainage systems High rise buildings require complex water supply sewerage and drainage systems

18. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev18 Evolution of Services in Buildings  Security and Surveillance Systems require complex wiring & installation of CCTVs and Cameras.

19. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev19 Evolution of Services in Buildings  Management of all the above services to be carried out through integrated building management system involving centralized monitoring and control

20. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev20 Evolution of Services in Buildings  A modern day building is provided with as many as 14 Services.

21. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev21 Evolution of Services in Buildings 1. Water supply Flushing, Drinking, HVAC and DG make up Flushing, Drinking, HVAC and DG make up 2. Sewerage and Drainage Piping 3. Fire protection Sprinklers, wet risers, Fire detection and alarm system, pressurized exits Sprinklers, wet risers, Fire detection and alarm system, pressurized exits 4. Electrical Wiring 5. HVAC cold air ducts, chilled water lines and return air paths 6.. Audio Visual Conferencing Services

22. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev22 Evolution of Services in Buildings 7. TV Cable wirings 8. Access Control & Security Surveillance 9. Public Address System 10. Lifts 11. Telephones 12. Computer Networking 13. Power supply 14. IBMS

23. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev23 Evolution of Services in Buildings  All the above systems if kept exposed will give a totally cluttered view of the interiors of the building making the spaces unworthy of efficient work place.

24. 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev24

25. Continue to Need for Internal Cladding 1/21/2016D.S. Sachdev25