1. Ascending Visual Pathways

2. Retina-LGN-Cortical Route
Optic Nerve
Optic Chiasm
Optic Tract
LGN
Superior Colliculus
Primary Visual Cortex

3. Optic Tracts Segregation of the Visual Fields

4. Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the Thalamus (LGN)

5. Primary Visual Cortex (V1)

6. Retinotopic Layout of V1

7. Emergent Properties of Cortical Cells
Orientation Specificity
Binocularity
Local-to-Global Representation
Directional Motion Specificity [MT]

8. Orientation Selectivity
Figure 10.11
Neural response of an orientation-selective neuron depends on relationship of the light bar’s orientation to that of the RF.
Firing profiles show that vertical bar optimally stimulates a neuron with a vertical RF orientation; minimum firing occurs when bar is horizontal.
Summary of firing rate as a function of bar orientation is know as the orientation tuning curve.

9. Orientation Hypercolumn

10. Orientation Architecture

11. Binocularity

12. Cortical Modular Hierarchy