1. Internet and World Wide Web
Which came first - Internet or WWW?

2. The Internet
Internet is a network of interconnected computers that is now global
Internet born in called ARPANET
1969 ARPANET was connection of computers at UCLA, Stanford, UCSB, Univ. of Utah

3. State of computers?
What was the state of computers in the late 1960s and early 1970s?

4. Computers late 60s & 70s
No Personal Computers – all large mainframe computers in late 60s
Mid 1970s – initial personal computers
Altair: Box with blinking lights
Late 1970s – Apple 2, first usable PC

5. Personal Computing? Just a box with blinking lights
Not where Networking/ Internet was being developed

6. Internet s
Telnet developed as a way to connect to remote computer
1972 – introduced
U. Wisconsin has first “large” system users
ARPANET goes international
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) established

7. State of computers?
What was the state of computers in the early 1980s?

8. Computers 1980s 1981 – IBM PC 1984 – Apple Macintosh
1986 – Modem becomes option on PCs

9. Internet - 1980s 1984 - Domain Name Server introduced
allows naming of hosts, no longer numeric
NSFNET created
in 1990, becomes backbone of modern Internet when ARPANET is decommissioned
Completely privatized by 1995
56 K interconnection initially, increased rapidly

10. Internet Timeline NSF Net
Barry M. Leiner, Vinton G. Cerf, David D. Clark, Robert E. Kahn, Leonard Kleinrock, Daniel C. Lynch, Jon Postel, Larry G. Roberts, Stephen Wolff. A Brief History of the Internet. Internet Society.
Internet Timeline
NSF Net

11. Internet 1990s 1991 - Tim Berners-Lee releases World Wide Web!
TBL is computer programmer at CERN, a physics lab in Europe (new book Weaving the Web by TBL)
Mosaic (becomes Netscape) designed by graduate students at University of Illinois
first point-and-click browser
later developed into Netscape Navigator
These are the two most significant events in the formation of the WWW

12. Internet 1990s 1991 - Tim Berners-Lee releases World Wide Web!
TBL is computer programmer at CERN, a physics lab in Europe (book Weaving the Web by TBL)
Mosaic (becomes Netscape) designed by graduate students at University of Illinois
first point-and-click browser
later developed into Netscape Navigator
These are the two most significant events in the formation of the WWW

13. World Wide Web Via Internet, computers can contact each other
Public files on computers can be read by remote user
usually HyperText Markup Language (.html)
URL - Universal Resource Locator - is name of file on a remote computer

14. HTTP World Wide Web uses HTTP Servers, better known as web server
Receive HTTP type request and send requested file in packets

15. Web Browsers Mosaic (1993) was first point-and-click browser
Web browsers are the software we use to view web pages
Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer are most popular
Netscape Navigator was original, but Microsoft leveraged IE on market

16. State of computers?
What was the state of computers in the early to mid 1990s?

17. Computer History – 1990s
Windows 95 GUI made computing easier for PC-bound masses
Windows 95 + Internet (AOL, others)  Huge increase in number of home PCs
Computer on every desk in workplace

18. Universal Resource Locator
identifies type
of transfer
/~urquhar5/tour/active.html
File Location on Remote Computer
Domain Name -
name of remote computer

19. 21st Century – File Sharing
Internet allowed sharing of simple information
FTP was initial file sharing system, but a bit hard to use
WWW advanced type of info allowed, but not designed for file-sharing
Napster, KaZaA, Morpheus and LimeWire are file-sharing.

20. Napster Napster was a music sharing community
Used a central server to catalog who had what
This central server violated music industry’s copyrights
Napster now screens transfers to see if they are copyrighted material

21. Peer to Peer Peer to Peer (P2P) file sharing LimeWire is good one
KaZaA is faster and more advanced
Kazaa Lite is preferred by many
Morpheus is modified KaZaA for Music City Network – really messed up these days
Each person has a “node” that advertises his or her files
Supernodes – compile lists of what nodes have

22. Collapse of the Information Economy
Huge economic growth in late 1990s was due to “prospecting” on up-and-coming Internet companies
Most were never profitable
Amazon.com has posted two quarterly profits since going public in 1997!
Major Internet Backbone Providers (Worldcom, Global Crossing) are struggling