1. Semester One Vocabulary Review

2. an event when one object in space casts a shadow onto another; when the Moon moves through Earth’s shadow or is in Earth’s umbra lunar eclipse

3. the act of one object going around another, like the orbit of a planet around the Sun(a year) or a satellite around a planet revolution

4. a scientific hypothesis that has been tested many times with the same outcome theory

5. The total energy of motion in the molecules of a substance thermal energy

6. theory that places the Sun at the center of the universe with planets and other objects orbiting around it heliocentric

7. The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another that is touching conduction

8. a group of billions of stars galaxy

9. a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical changes; consists of atoms of only one type element

10. when two forces are working on the same object in opposite directions and no changes seem to be occurring balanced forces

11. the speed and direction of an objects motion velocity

12. an object bigger than an asteroid orbiting a star planet

13. a cylindrical container marked with horizontal lines to represent units of measurement and used to precisely measure the volume of liquids graduated cylinder

14. the rise and fall of ocean water occurring at somewhat regular intervals due to the gravitational pull of the Moon tide

15. the planets, Sun, moons, stars, and everything that exists in space universe

16. the spinning of an object, like a planet (a day) or other celestial body on its axis rotation

17. a combination of two or more substances that can be separated by physical means mixture

18. The amount of mass in a given volume density

19. the Sun and all the objects revolving around it solar system

20. the star groups made up of stars in the universe, not always the same galaxy, that resemble familiar objects and characters constellation

21. the attraction between objects that depends on the mass of the objects and distance between them gravitational pull

22. a narrow-mouthed container used to transport, heat, or store substances, often used when a stopper is required Erlenmeyer flask

23. a distant sun glowing from heat produced by nuclear reaction at its center star

24. compound or element that is the result of a chemical reaction product

25. a positive or negative change in speed acceleration

26. described using a reference point, direction, and displacement motion

27. The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid or a gas convection

28. a particular kind of matter with uniform properties substance

29. in all energy transfers, some energy is lost as thermal energy energy inefficiency

30. the SI unit of measure of force Newton

31. the irregular-shaped rocks, smaller than planets, that revolve around the Sun asteroid

32. an electrically neutral subatomic particle that is part of the nucleus of an atom and has a mass slightly greater than that of a proton neutron

33. the method of determining the volume of an irregularly shaped object displacement volume

34. an oval or flattened circular path that the moons, planets, asteroids, and comets follow as they travel around the Sun elliptical orbit

35. a type of force that acts upon an object without touching it (ex. magnetism, gravity, electrostatic) noncontact force

36. a variable in an experiment that is measuring the effect of the change made on purpose dependent variable

37. the measurement of the amount of gravitational force exerted on the mass of an object weight

38. a change in the composition of a substance/object chemical change

39. a space rock or dust from a comet or broken up asteroid that burns up in the atmosphere of Earth meteor

40. a change in the appearance of an substance or object physical change

41. a celestial body that orbits the Sun, is large enough to have a nearly round shape, does not clear the neighborhood around its orbit, and is not a satellite of a planet dwarf planet

42. the energy possessed by a body as a result of its position or condition rather than its motion potential energy

43. the smallest particle of an element that has the chemical properties of that element atom

44. a variable that must remain the same throughout the experiment constant

45. the force that pulls an object moving in a circle toward the center of the circle and causes the object to follow a curving path centripetal force

46. the positively charged central region of an atom, composed of protons and neutrons and containing most of the mass of the atom nucleus (atomic)

47. a force that opposes the motion of an object friction

48. an event when one object in space casts a shadow onto another; when the Moon’s shadow crosses Earth solar eclipse

49. a substance participating in a chemical reaction, especially one present at the start of the reaction reactant

50. a part of an experiment set up to represent normal, unchanged conditions that is used for comparison at the end of an experiment control or control group

51. forces working in opposite directions that result in acceleration of an object unbalanced forces

52. a stable subatomic particle that has a positive electric charge and is part of the nucleus of an atom proton

53. a variable in an experiment that is changed on purpose by the investigator to see the effect it may have independent variable

54. the process of changing one form of energy into another; energy is never created or destroyed energy transformation

55. The direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves radiation

56. a celestial body that revolves around a planet moon – natural satellite

57. the apparent force that seems to cause a body turning around a center to move away from the center centrifugal force

58. a group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds so that they move as a single unit molecule

59. the energy possessed by a body as a result of being in motion that is dependent on mass and velocity of the object kinetic energy

60. a stable subatomic particle with a negative electric charge that spins around an atom’s nucleus in orbits called shells electron

61. the amount of salt dissolved in a solution; it’s much higher in the ocean than in rivers, lakes, or other bodies of water salinity