1. Architecture

2. Studying architecture helps us understand history better .

3. 3,000 BC – 70 AD Egyptian Pyramids
burial places for pharaohs
built by thousands of slaves
The Great Sfinx of Giza

4. ASTRONOMICAL PURPOSES OR WORSHIPPING?
England
ASTRONOMICAL PURPOSES OR WORSHIPPING?
Stonehenge
3,100-1,900 BC
Avebury

5. Greece and Rome Classical architecture 600 BC – 5th AD
Artemis Temple (Greece)
Parthenon (Greece)
Coliseum (Rome)
Decorative elements:
columns
arches
Materials:
invention of concrete

6. Hadrian´s Wall between England and Scotland
km long protective line (the
Picts´attacks)
building was started in 122 AD by Roman Emperor Hadrian

7. Romanesque architecture (11-13th century)
St George´s Basilica on mountain Říp
Typical buildings:
Basilicas
Monasteries
rotundas
St. George´s Basilica in Prague
Material: stone

8. Romanesque architecture (11-13th century)
features:
massive buildings
round arches
painted walls
rounded windows, doors
Durham Cathedral – a typical
Romanesque building in England

9. Gothic architecture (12 – 15th century)
Notre Dame in Paris
Salisbury Cathedral, England
Features:
- arches
- vaults
- tall buildings
- colourful stained glass windows

10. Gothic architecture (12 – 15th century)
Famous architects:
Peter Parler
Matthias of Arras
Saint Vitus Cathedral in Prague
Karlstein

11. Renaissance architecture (15 – 16th century)
Renaissance = rebirth of life
Typical features: - smaller symmetrical buildings
- horizontal lines
- windows and doors square or rectangular
- sgraffito, stucco
Louvre
St. Peter´s
Basilica in
Vatican

12. Renaissance architecture (15 – 16th century)
Architects: Michelangelo Buonarotti
Leonardo da Vinci
Rafael Santi
Typical buildings: mansions
palaces
town houses
Belveder Palace in Prague
Slavonice

13. Baroque architecture (17 – 19th century)
St Paul´s Cathedral
In London
Architects:
- Sir Christopher Wren
Versailles, Paris
Typical features:
complicated shapes
fancy decorations
luxurious details
irregular shapes
contrast between light and dark colours
- extravagant ornamentation

14. Baroque architecture (17 – 19th century)
Buildings:
chateaux
huge domes
St Nicholas Church in Prague
Troja Palace, Prague

15. Classicism (18th century)
Inspired by ancient Greece
Typical buildings:
spas
theatres
triumph arches
gates
fortifications
František´s Spas
Theatre of Estates in Prague
Typical features:
straight lines
light colours
not many decorations

16. Neo-Classical architecture (18 – 19th century)
Capitol
Inspiration:
Roman and Greek buildings
White House
Typical features:
geometrical shapes
columns
domed roofs

17. Neo-Gothic architecture (18 – 20th century)
the Houses of Parliament

18. Art Nouveau (1895 – 1905) New materials glass clay Features:
Municipal House in Prague
Features:
twisting lines
wavy shapes
focus on details
Industrial Palace
in Prague
New materials
glass
clay
Main Train Station in Prague

19. Art Nouveau (1895 – 1905) in Kladno
Theatre in Kladno
Grammar School
Library

20. Art Deco architecture (1918 – 1939)
The Empire State Building
Radio City Music Hall
in New York

21. Art Deco architecture (1918 – 1939)
originally only for rich people
later became popular with the general public
Alcron Hotel in Prague
Materials:
aluminium 
stainless steel
Lacquer
Bakelite
Chrome
inlaid wood

22. Functionalism 1920 - 1970 Villa Tugendhat in Brno
Tower block in Kladno-Rozdelov

23. VOCABULARY
monastery – mužský klášter pharao – faraon worshipping – uctívání bohů concrete – beton arch - oblouk vault – klenba colourful stained glass – vitráž rectangular – obdélníkový, pravoúhlý mansion – honosné sídlo, velký obytný dům mansions (GB - blok činožovních domů) fancy – luxusní, vyšperkovaný dome – kupole, báň chrámu Art Nouveau – secese the general public – široká veřejnost chrome – pochromovaný povrch inlaid wood – vykládané dřevo