1. Congress #11A Expressed Powers

2. Quick Review 1. Malapportionment 2. Gerrymander A. 1 Congressional district has 500,000 people, a nearby Congressional district has 750,000 people B. 1 Congressional district is primarily Republicans, a nearby congressional district has primarily Democrats

3. Definitions Expressed / Enumerated Powers: written in Constitution

4. Expressed Powers Tax & Spend Payroll taxes – Social Security Income taxes

5. Borrow Deficit Spending : spend more than earned in revenue (money coming in / taxes) in a given period In one month earned $1000, but spent $1200 – what is your deficit? Debt: Total amount owed If you continue to overspend by $200 per month for a year, what is your debt?

6. Commerce Intrastate Commerce: inside 1 state Power of State Interstate: between two + states Power of Congress

7. More Powers Currency – legal tender Foreign Relations & War Powers: Raise a military Declare war!

8. More Powers Naturalization – citizenship and immigration Bankruptcy: judges decide if one cannot repay debt

9. And some more… Postal Power: Post Office Copyrights & Patents Copyright: work of art Patent: invention Weights & Measures: standardized

10. And the rest… Judicial Power: Congress determines the size & structure of the federal courts And so, what can Congress not do?

11. Congress #11B Implied Powers

12. Matching 1. Commerce 2. Expressed Power 3. Senate 4. House of Reps. 5. Bicameral A. 2 houses B. 435 members who serve 2 year terms C. Things that are written in the Constitution D. Business E. 100 members who serve 6 year terms

13. McCullough v. Maryland (1819) Congress created a national bank Not an expressed power Many thought it was unconstitutional

14. SC’s Decision Supreme Court = bank is legal Const. says: Congress can do things that are “necessary & proper” to carry out their laws aka the elastic clause of the Const.

15. McCullough’s Impact Implied powers: Congress can do things related to their expressed powers

16. Implied Powers Chart Expressed Power Naturalization Implied Power Citizenship test Passport Border fence

17. CHART continues Raise a military Patents & Copyrights Draft Pirating laws FBI warning at the beginning of movies

18. The Stretch-iest of all! Inter state Commerce Drugs Minimum wage laws Regulate the environment

19. How do commerce & environment relate? If one state has a lot of pollution, it will affect the commerce of that state. Fewer people will want to go there. Thus, less buying and selling of goods in that state.

20. Cong #9: Non-Legislative Power Quick Review: Matching 1. Expressed Power 2. Implied Power 3. Deficit 4. Debt 5. Bankruptcy 6. Necessary & Proper Clause A. Power to tax B. Draft C. Elastic Clause D. Total amount owed E. Can’t repay debt F. Overspend in a given period

21. Non-Legislative Powers Impeachment: officially charged w/ “treason, bribery, or other high crimes or misdemeanors” HR impeaches S holds trial & can remove them from office President, VP, federal judges

22. Impeached! Bill Clinton Andrew Johnson

23. More POWER! Investigate Steroids & Baseball Bank bailout Oversight Make sure govt agencies spend money appropriately

24. Senate’s Powers Confirm Appointments President nominates federal judges, ambassadors, and others S confirms Ratify Treaty Pres negotiates treaty S ratifies

25. “There ought to be a law…” In your group, come up with an idea for a federal law you feel would benefit the United States. Write up: The law 3 reasons why your group supports it or feels it’s important When you’ve done that, call me over. I will give you feedback on your bill so you can begin work on the final write-up- tomorrow you’ll reconvene with your group to discuss the final write-up and presentation.

26. Homework Have one person type up a final draft of your bill and bring it to class tomorrow!

27. Summary Select one of congress’ powers and explain why you think it is important. Give an example.