1. Agriculture in India Prepared by: Mrs. Savita Kukreti
Pawar Public School
Kandivali

2. Agricultural Seasons Season Kharif Rabi Zaid Sowing Jun- Jul Oct - Dec
Aug – Sep (ZKC)
Feb – Mar (ZRC)
Harvesting
Sep - Oct
Mar - Apr
Dec – Jan
Apr - May
Crops
Rice
Wheat
Millets, vegetables

3. Rice cultivation Rainfall: 150cm to 300 cm Temperature: 16⁰ C to 32⁰ C
Soil: Alluvial – deep, fertile, clayey and loamy

4. Upland rice
Lowland rice

5. Steps
Sowing
Transplanting
Processing
Harvesting

6. Seeds are scattered by hand – labour saving
Seeds are dropped in the furrows
Seeds are dropped in a straight line at regular intervals in furrows

7. Traditional Method

8. Japanese Method

9. Harvesting Threshing Winnowing Milling By hand – using a sickle
Crop allowed to dry in the field for 3-4 days
Threshing
Bullocks to separate grains from the chaff
Sheaves are beaten against the bars
Winnowing
Husk is removed from the grain
Milling
Polishing – graded – stored in sacks
Par boiling the grain to remove the outer husk

10. Rice Distribution in India

11. WHEAT

12. Wheat Cultivation in India
Rainfall: 40cm to 75cm
Temperature: 10⁰ C to 15⁰ C (sowing time)
20⁰ C to 25⁰ C (harvesting time)
Soil: Fertile deep alluvial

13. Broadcasting
Drilling
Dribbling
Sowing
Winnowing
Processing
Harvesting

14. Wheat Distribution in India

15. Millets
Jowar
Ragi
Bajra

16. Jowar

17. Bajra

18. Ragi

19. PULSES

20. Crop
Temperature
Rainfall
Soil
Jowar
< 16⁰ C
< 100 cm
Clayey - sandy
Bajra
25⁰ C - 30⁰ C
40 – 50 cm
Black and Red soils
Ragi
20⁰ C - 30⁰ C cm
Red soil
Pulses
20⁰ C - 25⁰ C
50 – 75 cm
Dry and light