1. Mitosis Division of somatic (body) cells Interphase Prophase Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

2. Interphase Cell spend most time in this phase G1 – growth
S – DNA is replicated
G2 – preparation for
mitosis .
                                                    .
                                                    .
                                                   

3. Interphase This cell is called the parent cell
The cell is diploid (2n) meaning it has two sets of chromosomes

5. Prophase Longest phase Nuclear membrane breaks down
Sister chromatids pair up
Chromatin thickens- can now see individual chromosomes
Cenrioles take position
Spindle fibers form

7. Metaphase Sister chromatids line up in center of spindle fibers
Meta = middle

9. Anaphase Centromeres are split The sister chromatids are pulled apart
Each half of the sister chromatid move to opposite centrioles

11. Telophase
A new cell membrane starts to form down the middle of the cell - forming two new cells
Chromatin thins out
New nuclear membrane forms around each set of DNA

12. Cytokinesis Cytoplasm splits Two new cells are produced
Called daughter cells
IDENTICAL to parent cell
In plant cells a cell plate forms, which is later replaced by the cell wall

14. ???Questions???
If a parent cell has 8 chromosomes, how many chromosomes does each of the daughter cells have?
8 because the daughter cells are identical to parent cells
If a body cell has 10 chromosomes, how many chromosomes does each somatic cell have?
10 because a body cell is a somatic cell
If a sperm cell (sex cell) has 5 chromosomes, how many chromosomes does a skin cell have?
10 because the body cells (skin, hair, etc, have twice as many chromosomes as a sex cell (sperm or egg)

15. Controls on Cell Division
Cells consistently divide to produce new cells;the rate however varies
When you are injured the cells divide rapidly to produce new cells until you are healed and then the division slows down
Proteins called cyclins were produced to help some cells continue to divide
There are also proteins that regulate the speed of division

16. Cancer cells Cancer cells are body cells that cannot control growth
Cancer cells continually reproduce and never spend time in interphase – forming clumps of cells = tumors
These cells lack the regulators (internal or external) or they reproduce so fast that not all the chromosomes form therefore, the internal regulators don’t have time to be produced