1. Should W-L require students to wear uniforms? Could Dr. Robertson just decide to do this one day?

2. Maybe not, but we’ll learn about one ruler who did just that during… The Age of Absolutism!

3. The 1600s: A Century of Crisis… Economic Woes –Inflation, Mini-Ice Age Rising population –Social unrest, disease, famine Witchcraft Hysteria Religious Warfare Into all this madness, many leaders started to assert their authority. They were called….

4. Absolute Monarchs No one tells them what to do….

5. Absolutism Political system where the monarch (king or queen) has total power Popular during the 17 th century (1600s) Characteristics: –Centralized government Controls all aspects of society from a central location or through a central system (not much local power) –Divine Right of Kings Monarchs receive their power from God, so they are only responsible to God

6. The Monarchy in France Henry IV Assassinated (1610) Louis XIII, his son, becomes King and begins to create an absolute monarchy (Three Musketeers) His son, Louis XIV, will become the embodiment of Absolute Monarchy and rule France for 72 years!

7. Louis XIV: The Sun King Versailles: http://en.chateauversailles.fr/homepagehttp://en.chateauversailles.fr/homepage

8. Cardinals Richelieu and Mazarin were: Versailles was: Here is a description of life at Versailles:: I took many steps to strengthen my power, including: My potential enemies were the nobles. How did I keep them from challenging my authority? How did I feel about the arts? I was Catholic, and I revoked the __________________ in 1685. What happened as a result? I called myself the _____ King. Why? I once said L’etat, c’est moi, which means: I made France a strong country, but I also spent too much money on __________, which weakened the economy. LOUIS XIV: Absolute Monarch of France r.1643-1715 Read pages 149-152 to answer the questions.

9. Cardinals Richelieu and Mazarin were: My advisors Versailles was: my palace and center of government Here is a description of life at Versailles:: Very luxurious! I took many steps to strengthen my power, including: - Firing nobles from gov. jobs -Bribing local leaders -Encouraging king-worship -Banning the Huguenots -Forcing nobles to live at Versailles -Advancing France’s glory My potential enemies were the nobles. How did I keep them from challenging my authority? I made them live at Versailles and compete with each other over silly court rituals. They didn’t have the time or money to threaten me. How did I feel about the arts? I supported them greatly I was Catholic, and I revoked The Edict of Nantes in 1685. What happened as a result? Huguenots fled France I called myself the Sun King. Why? Because everything revolved around me, and my court was brilliant like the sun I once said L’etat, c’est moi, which means: I am the state I made France a strong country, but I also spent too much money on war, which weakened the economy. LOUIS XIV: Absolute Monarch of France r.1643-1715 Read pages 149-152 to answer the questions.

10. Peter the Great Tsar of Russia from 1682- 1725 Fascinated by Western Europe Major goal was to modernize Russia

11. Peter the Great ChangesResults Culture-Forced Russia to Westernize -Men cut their beards! -Established dress codes Education-Starts new colleges Military-Builds a navy -Reorganizes army -Conquers land Church-Decreases the power of the Church Capital City-Builds St. Petersburg on the coast for easier access to Europe Why was he an absolute monarch? -Did not share power -Autocratic (only one who makes decisions) -Wrathful: He even kills his own son! What was his impact? -Mixed: Certain areas modernized, but at the expense of the large serf population

12. What are the benefits of absolutism? What are the limitations? Compare and contrast Louis XIV and Peter.

13. Pairwork: Create a political cartoon about one of the absolute monarchs that comments on an issue associated with their rule. First, decide what issue stands out to you. Is there something that surprised you, something that you think is wrong, something that seems hypocritical, something that is emotional, etc? Then, decide how you want to convey your message. Remember, a political cartoon involves symbolism, so be sure to include some, otherwise, you are just drawing a cartoon.