1. Third Grade Part Two
Review

2. Matter Solids Liquids Gases
Particles are close together with little room to move.
Solids
Particles have room to slide past each other.
Liquids
Particles have lots of room to move around.
Gases

3. Energy
The ability to cause change
The ability to do work

4. Thermal Energy Heat energy that moves the particles in matter
As thermal energy is removed, particles slow down. A gas turns to a liquid and a liquid turns into a solid.
When thermal energy is added, particles move faster. A solid begins to melt and a liquid begins to change to a gas.

5. Conductor Insulator A material in which thermal energy moves easily
A material in which thermal energy does NOT move easily

6. Temperature Temperature is measured with a thermometer.
Measured in °C (degrees Celsius)
Freezing Point of Water = 0°C
Boiling Point of Water = 100°C 0°
100°

7. Heat
The movement of thermal energy from one place to another

8. Thermal energy always moves from a hot place to a cold place.
The thermal energy from the hot chocolate moves to your cooler hand.
The thermal energy from your warmer hand moves to the cold ice cream.

9. Light Energy
The energy that moves in light waves

10. Light travels in straight lines
Light travels in straight lines. It can also bounce back, turn or stop when it reaches different types of matter.
Reflect
(bouncing)
Refract
(bending)
Absorb
(stopping)

11. Force A push or a pull that causes a change in position and direction

12. Gravity
A force that pulls objects toward each other

13. Weight The measure of the pull of gravity on an object
An object’s weight depends on the amount of gravity pulling on it. You will weigh more on Earth than on the moon.

14. Friction
A force that keeps touching objects from sliding past each other
There is more friction on a rough surface.
There is less friction on a smooth surface.
sandpaper
carpet
Cement road

15. Variables The one variable being tested:
table
3 foot inclined plane made of smooth plastic
stack of
2 books
baseball
3 foot inclined plane covered with rough carpet
The one variable being tested:
surface on ramp
Controlled parts of the experiment, (also called the controls):
stack of books
type of ball
table
way the ball is placed to roll on the ramp

16. Work
More work is done by moving a greater distance or by moving more mass.
Which picture shows more work being done? 1. 2.

17. A tool that helps people do work
Simple Machine
A bar that turns on a fixed point
Two inclined planes placed back to back
A flat surface that has one end higher than the other
A tool that helps people do work
A rope or chain and the wheel it fits around
A large wheel attached to a smaller wheel or rod
Inclined plane wrapped around a pole

18. Fulcrum The fixed point on a lever fulcrum
The fixed point on a lever