1. Introduction to the Fishes end

2. Focus 20,000+ species will cover important species –selected regional fishes –representatives of major groups –well-known fishes –all higher taxa Order: primitive to recent end

3. Goals how to identify fishes using a key how to recognize important fishes and taxa characteristics of important fishes and taxa the classification system and higher taxonomic categories logic of classification system how to identify newly encountered fish end

4. Details laboratory handouts will identify which species and taxa are to be learned goal to minimize without sacrificing a sound framework additional information will be presented during intro. and demonstrations room on handouts for notes learn either scientific or standardized common names (actual names of higher taxa) (2 points plus 0.5 extra credit for both) learn level if given (e.g. Class Chondrichthyes) end

5. Lab Handouts ICHTHYOLOGY Laboratory 6--Fishes Phylum Chordata – chordates Subphylum Craniata (Vertebrata) Class Myxini - one family—hagfishes Order Myxiniformes Family Myxinidae - hagfishes (32 spp) Eptatretus stouti - Pacific hagfish ________________________________________________________________________________ Placodermi Craniata Chordata Holocephali Cephalaspid- omorphi Myxini Chondrichthyes Gnathostomata end

6. Final Exam on the Fishes 120 point exam practical—using specimens and slides end

7. Two Steps to Learning the Fishes learning to recognize an individual knowing the name (sci or common) and higher taxa end

8. Fishes Learning Program The traditional method of learning fishes in this course and other ichthyology courses primarily involves direct examination of preserved specimens. limitations: –challenge to remember characters from fish keys –insufficient time to develop patterns of recognition for the species end

9. Consider: recognizing your friend at the airport versus recognizing someone else's friend analogous to recognizing a fish using subtle patterns versus memorizing series of characters end

10. Fishes Learning Program Goals to help students learn to recognize patterns aid long-term retention end

11. Fishes Learning Program designed to allow quick viewing of the species presented in each lab. This aids in seeing each species numerous times three or more slides of each species so less likely to end up leaning photographic details FLP allows the slide order to be randomized with the click of a button view the fish, attempt to identify it, and then quickly see the correct identification using the mouse cursor to see if correct end

12. Program Evaluation Students will be divided into two groups systematically: A and Z Each lab will consist of an introduction by the instructor after which students will be divided into the two groups student groups will alternate examining specimens and using the FLP Testing: The data used for comparisons 1 and 2 below will consist of a 10 question quiz given at the end of each laboratory period five extra-credit points will be awarded each lab for submitting data forms, taking the quizzes, and completing a short survey students will be able to earn up to 5 additional points for performance on the quiz, 0.5 points per correct answer quiz results will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the program—better, worse, or the same as the traditional method evaluating program not students end

13. Demo—Fishes Learning Program end

14. Information for Participants Collective results from quizzes, data forms, and the survey may be published on the effectiveness of this learning method. Students will not be identified in anyway, no individual results will be published, and all such results will be kept strictly anonymous. Students will receive extra credit in Ichthyology for submitting data forms, a survey, and completing quizzes. end

16. Myxiniformes Petromyzontiformes Chimaeriformes Squaliformes Lamniformes Rajiformes Myliobatiformes Lepidosireniformes Coelacanthiformes Polypteriformes Acipenseriformes Lepisosteiformes Amiiformes Hiodontiformes Elopiformes Anguilliformes Clupeiformes Cypriniformes Characiformes Siluriformes Esociformes Salmoniformes Percopsiformes Gadiformes Lophiiformes Atheriniformes Cyprinodontiformes Gasterosteiformes Scorpaeniformes Perciformes Pleuronectiformes Tetraodontiformes Acanthodii Elasmobranchii Sarcopterygii Actinoptergyii Teleostei Ostariophysi Acanthopterygi i Ichthyology 425--Orders and higher taxa 6 7 8 9 10 11 lab Phylum Superclass Subphylum Class Subclass Division Superorder Osteichthyes ?? end Placodermi Craniata Chordata Holocephali Cephalaspid- omorphi Myxini Chondrichthyes Gnathostomata end